|
From
"Journal or Forensic Science", Vol. 40, No. 4, July 1995, pp
551-
560
"Ephedra's
Role As a Precursor in the Clandestine Manufacture of
Methamphetamine
...
[page
554]
Synthesizing
Methamphetamine with Ephedra
Approximately 425 grams of ground ephedra plant material was washed
three times
with methanol. The methanol washings were collected and
allowed to
evaporate to produce a greenish brown tar like substance.
to this
material was added 250 mL of 57% solution of hydroiodic acid
and 9.5
grams of red phosphorus in 1000 mL round-bottomed flask.
The flask
was equipped with a working condenser and heating mantle.
The mixture
was heated and allowed to reflux for approximately 5
hours.
The aqueous reaction solution was filtered made basic with
NaOH
(pH >12),
then extracted into trichlorotriflouroethane (Freon 113).
The organic
solution was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. Hydrogen
chloride gas
was then bubbled into the freon, resulting in the
crystallization of the final product as the hydrochloride salt
[8,12].
Samples of
the reaction mixture were taken at various times throughout
the
synthesis. These samples were basified, extracted in methylene
chloride,
and analyzed on the GC-IRD and GS-MSD. Samples were taken
at
60, 127, 310
minutes into the reaction synthesis.
Results and
Discussion
The
reduction of ephedra with hydroiodic acid and red phosphorus
results in
the production d-methamphetamine, d-amphetamine and of
N,N-dimethylamphetamine [8,13-15]. ... Takamatsu [16]
reported that
phenylpropanolamine derivatives will convert to P2P when heated
with
strong
acids. ..."
| |