Anthony
March 17th, 2003, 07:29 PM
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted February 25, 2001 01:35 AM
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This has been called the "sh-method" and the cyclonite so obtained"SH-Salz"after Schurr who developed the process in 1937-38.
Hexamine is added to 99% nitric acid in the proportion of 1 part of hexamine to 8 parts of acid,in a nitrator with a capacity of 1.5m3 working on the batch system.The temperature is maintained between 5 and 10.c in the nitrator by means of a coil chilled with saline solution.Nitration takes 1 hr.
The contents of a number of nitrators then flow continuously through a series of reactors in which the reaction remains for 2 hr,during which the nitration reaction is completed.In these reactors the temperature is kept at 15-20.c
When reaction is complete the whole is introduced into a battery of six diluters with water maintained at a temperature of 70-75.c.The first diluter has a capacity of 3 m3,the following four 1.5m3 each,and the last 3m3.Sometimes,to initiate decomposition of the unstable nitration products,the presence of a small amount of nitrogen dioxide is required.The amount of water added to the diluter should be such that it maintains a 50% concentration on HNO3.At this concentration cyclonite is fully precipitated.The suspension of cyclonite in acid then flows to a battery of coolers in which it is cooled gradually to temperatures of 50,35,and 20.c.Cyclonite is separated from acid on a vacuum filter and then washed with water.Originally,the product was purified by boiling with water in an autoclave under a pressure of 3.4 atm,at 140.c for 2 hr.Since this entailed the risk of explosion,it was superseded by crystallization from acetone.
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted February 25, 2001 01:35 AM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This has been called the "sh-method" and the cyclonite so obtained"SH-Salz"after Schurr who developed the process in 1937-38.
Hexamine is added to 99% nitric acid in the proportion of 1 part of hexamine to 8 parts of acid,in a nitrator with a capacity of 1.5m3 working on the batch system.The temperature is maintained between 5 and 10.c in the nitrator by means of a coil chilled with saline solution.Nitration takes 1 hr.
The contents of a number of nitrators then flow continuously through a series of reactors in which the reaction remains for 2 hr,during which the nitration reaction is completed.In these reactors the temperature is kept at 15-20.c
When reaction is complete the whole is introduced into a battery of six diluters with water maintained at a temperature of 70-75.c.The first diluter has a capacity of 3 m3,the following four 1.5m3 each,and the last 3m3.Sometimes,to initiate decomposition of the unstable nitration products,the presence of a small amount of nitrogen dioxide is required.The amount of water added to the diluter should be such that it maintains a 50% concentration on HNO3.At this concentration cyclonite is fully precipitated.The suspension of cyclonite in acid then flows to a battery of coolers in which it is cooled gradually to temperatures of 50,35,and 20.c.Cyclonite is separated from acid on a vacuum filter and then washed with water.Originally,the product was purified by boiling with water in an autoclave under a pressure of 3.4 atm,at 140.c for 2 hr.Since this entailed the risk of explosion,it was superseded by crystallization from acetone.