mongo blongo
August 28th, 2001, 12:45 AM
Some data on RDX. I thought I would post it for you guys!
(I hope this may be useful, there is some cool info here!)
INSOL IN WATER, ALC, BENZENE, CARBON DISULFIDE; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHER, METHANOL, TOLUENE; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHYL ACETATE, GLACIAL ACETIC ACID; PRACTICALLY INSOL IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE; Readily sol in hot aniline, phenol, warm nitric acid.; 1 G DISSOLVES IN 25 ML ACETONE SPEC: +IR: 3768 (Documentation of Molecular Spectroscopy Collection); +UV: 1-12 (Organic Electronic Spectral Data, Phillips et al, John Wiley & Sons, New York); +MASS: 181 (Aldermaston, Eight Peak Index of Mass Spectra, UK); +MASS: 1443 (National Bureau of Standards EPA-NIH Mass Spectra Data Base, NSRDS-NBS-63) +ORTHORHOMBIC CRYSTALS FROM ACETONE Impure military grades containing about 10% HMX /hexamethylenetetramine, has a melting point of/ about 190 deg C. DANGEROUS DUE TO FIRE ... HAZARD. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] Fight fires from safe distance from explosion. In advanced or massive fires, the area should be evacuated. If fire occurs in the vicinity of this material water should be used to keep containers cool. [R8] Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area & let burn. ... Wear positive pressure self contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. Evacuation: If the material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, desensitized; cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, wet with not less than 10% water/ [R9] Dangerously explosive. [R9] EXPLOSION: Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine is a Class A explosive. Class A explosives are explosives which decompose by detonation. This detonation occurs almost instantaneously & is violent. The explosion may be initiated by a sudden shock, high temp or a combination of the two. [R9] IT IS ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL HIGH EXPLOSIVES IN USE TODAY. [R6, 2668] EXPLOSIVE, 1.5 TIMES AS POWERFUL AS TNT [R10] Cyclonite is of the same order of brisance & explosive strength as PETN /pentaerythritol tetranitrate/ & distinctly superior to tetryl as determined by sand, rate of detonation, ballistic pendulum, & Trauzl lead block tests. [R2, 4196] REACTIVITY: +... THEY ARE POWERFUL OXIDIZING AGENTS WHICH MAY CAUSE VIOLENT REACTION WITH REDUCING MATERIALS. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] DURING THE PREPN OF 1-ACETYLHEXAHYDRO-3,5-DINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE, A CONTAMINATE FORMED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF RDX, A MIXT CONSISTING OF 3:1 MOLAR RATIO OF NITRIC ACID:1,3-TRIACETYLHEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE IN TRIFLUOROACETIC ANHYDRIDE DETONATED WITHOUT WARNING. [R11] Incompatible with shock & detonators, oxidizing materials, & combustibles. [R12] ... IT IS EASILY INITIATED BY MERCURY FULMINATE ... . [R6, 2668] +ON DECOMP THEY EMIT TOXIC FUMES. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] Irritation of eyes & respiratory tract. [R12] PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT INCLUDING EYE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE PROVIDED FOR NORMAL PROCESS WORK AS PROTECTION AGAINST EYE SPLASHES, ACID BURNS, DERMATITIS AND SKIN ABSORPTION OF TOXIC MATERIALS. /EXPLOSIVE INDUSTRY/ [R3, 809] Wear neoprene gloves, plastic clothing, self contained breathing apparatus, safety glasses. [R8] Wear chemical goggles. ... Use chemical cartridge respirator. 100 ug/L(1). Groundwater samples taken at the Milan AAP showed RDX levels (4 of 39 samples) at <20 to 780 ug/L (avg 270 ug/L)(2). Detected in 7 of 7 ground water wells at a munitions disposal site in concentrations ranging 1-47 ug/L(3). Identified in an unspecified AAP water supply well at 70 ug/L(4). [R42] Cyclonite (RDX) was measured in wastewater discharge from the Holston Army Ammunition Plant(AAP) (RDX production facility), Jan-Jun 1973 (4 discharge sites), not detected to 24.3 mg/L (avg 0.5 to 10.4 mg/L)(1). In May, 1979, the daily discharge of RDX from this plant ranged 0.110 to 16.02 mg/L(2). Emissions from the burning of waste RDX contained none of the pollutant in gaseous form, but 0.0004 to 0.0052 kg/hr was released with particulate emissions(2). Analyzed in the wastewater from an AAP (load and pack facility in Iowa) at concentrations ranging 23.8 to 173 mg/L, averaging 80.5 mg/L (before carbon treatment columns). The discharged effluent concentration of RDX was then reduced to <0.1 to 24.4 mg/L (mean 1.53) mg/L by the filters(3). [R43] Cyclonite (RDX) was found at the Milan Army Ammunition Plant (AAP) in soil samples (51 to 83,000 ng/g) and in 5 of 5 sediment samples from an on site lagoon (2,600 to 38,000 ug/g, avg 11,080 ng/g)(1). In the sediment of a nearby stream, RDX was found in 3 of 15 samples at 290 to 43,000 ug/g (avg 15,160 ng/g)(1). Found in the sediment of a Louisiana AAP waste water lagoon at 0.10 to 89 ug/g(2). Not found in five sediment samples taken near deep water munition dumps in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (detection limits 5 parts per trillion)(3). [R44] FISH: Not found in various fish obtained near deep water munition dumps in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (detection limits 123 parts per trillion)(1). [R45] Inhalation, ingestion, skin & eye contact. [R12] ... DRYING, SIEVING, AND PACKING WHERE DUST ... /CAN/ BE INHALED. [R2, 4197] Those involved in manufacturing of this material and in handling in munitions and solid propellant manufacture. [R12] The probable routes of exposure for cyclonite (RDX) are through dermal contact during the manufacture, formulation, and use of this compound in the production of munitions. For the general public, exposure should be limited to areas where cyclonite is manufactured, converted into munitions, or released through the demilitarization of antiquated munitions. Probable routes of exposure for the general public include ingestion of contaminated water, and inhalation of contaminated particulate matter produced during the incineration of cyclonite containing waste material. (SRC) NIOSH (NOHS Survey 1972- 1974) has statistically estimated that 8242 workers are exposed to cyclonite in the USA(1). NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 488 workers are exposed to cyclonite in the USA (2). [R46] OSHA: 8 hr Time-Weighted avg: 1.5 mg/cu m. Skin absorption designation. /Final rule limits/ must be achieved by any combination of engineering controls, work practices and personal protective equipment-effective Sept 1, 1989. [R47] Meets criteria for OSHA medical records rule. [R48] +8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA) 1.5 mg/cu m (1990) [R49, 17] +Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed three times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 min during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed five times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. [R49, 5] +MAC USSR 1 mg/cu m [R3, 807] Determination in air: Collection on filter ... [R12] POTENTIALLY TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM DISPOSAL OF MUNITIONS FROM A FLUIDIZED BED INCINERATOR WERE IDENTIFIED BY MATERIAL THROUGH-PUT ANALYSIS & COMPUTER SIMULATION MODELING OF THE COMBUSTION CYCLE. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES WERE DEVELOPED & EVALUATED. SUBSTANCES STUDIED INCL RDX. [R50] RDX IN AQ SOLN CAN BE MEASURED DIRECTLY BY RAPID SCAN SINGLE SWEEP POLAROGRAPHY. THE LOWER LIMIT OF DETECTION IS APPROX 0.5 PPM. [R51] HIGH PRESSURE-LIQ CHROMATOGRAPHY & CHEMICAL IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY WERE USED IN THE ISOLATION & IDENTIFICATION OF EXPLOSIVE RESIDUE. THE PROCEDURE IS APPLICABLE TO ANALYSIS OF RESIDUES OF EXPLOSIVES SUCH AS RDX. [R52] Determination in air: Collection on filter, analysis by ultraviolet. [R12]
CREDIT TO SPECTRUM FACT SHEETS
Also from NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0169.html
[This message has been edited by mongo blongo (edited August 27, 2001).]
(I hope this may be useful, there is some cool info here!)
INSOL IN WATER, ALC, BENZENE, CARBON DISULFIDE; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHER, METHANOL, TOLUENE; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHYL ACETATE, GLACIAL ACETIC ACID; PRACTICALLY INSOL IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE; Readily sol in hot aniline, phenol, warm nitric acid.; 1 G DISSOLVES IN 25 ML ACETONE SPEC: +IR: 3768 (Documentation of Molecular Spectroscopy Collection); +UV: 1-12 (Organic Electronic Spectral Data, Phillips et al, John Wiley & Sons, New York); +MASS: 181 (Aldermaston, Eight Peak Index of Mass Spectra, UK); +MASS: 1443 (National Bureau of Standards EPA-NIH Mass Spectra Data Base, NSRDS-NBS-63) +ORTHORHOMBIC CRYSTALS FROM ACETONE Impure military grades containing about 10% HMX /hexamethylenetetramine, has a melting point of/ about 190 deg C. DANGEROUS DUE TO FIRE ... HAZARD. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] Fight fires from safe distance from explosion. In advanced or massive fires, the area should be evacuated. If fire occurs in the vicinity of this material water should be used to keep containers cool. [R8] Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area & let burn. ... Wear positive pressure self contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. Evacuation: If the material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, desensitized; cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, wet with not less than 10% water/ [R9] Dangerously explosive. [R9] EXPLOSION: Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine is a Class A explosive. Class A explosives are explosives which decompose by detonation. This detonation occurs almost instantaneously & is violent. The explosion may be initiated by a sudden shock, high temp or a combination of the two. [R9] IT IS ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL HIGH EXPLOSIVES IN USE TODAY. [R6, 2668] EXPLOSIVE, 1.5 TIMES AS POWERFUL AS TNT [R10] Cyclonite is of the same order of brisance & explosive strength as PETN /pentaerythritol tetranitrate/ & distinctly superior to tetryl as determined by sand, rate of detonation, ballistic pendulum, & Trauzl lead block tests. [R2, 4196] REACTIVITY: +... THEY ARE POWERFUL OXIDIZING AGENTS WHICH MAY CAUSE VIOLENT REACTION WITH REDUCING MATERIALS. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] DURING THE PREPN OF 1-ACETYLHEXAHYDRO-3,5-DINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE, A CONTAMINATE FORMED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF RDX, A MIXT CONSISTING OF 3:1 MOLAR RATIO OF NITRIC ACID:1,3-TRIACETYLHEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE IN TRIFLUOROACETIC ANHYDRIDE DETONATED WITHOUT WARNING. [R11] Incompatible with shock & detonators, oxidizing materials, & combustibles. [R12] ... IT IS EASILY INITIATED BY MERCURY FULMINATE ... . [R6, 2668] +ON DECOMP THEY EMIT TOXIC FUMES. /NITRATES/ [R6, 2002] Irritation of eyes & respiratory tract. [R12] PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT INCLUDING EYE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE PROVIDED FOR NORMAL PROCESS WORK AS PROTECTION AGAINST EYE SPLASHES, ACID BURNS, DERMATITIS AND SKIN ABSORPTION OF TOXIC MATERIALS. /EXPLOSIVE INDUSTRY/ [R3, 809] Wear neoprene gloves, plastic clothing, self contained breathing apparatus, safety glasses. [R8] Wear chemical goggles. ... Use chemical cartridge respirator. 100 ug/L(1). Groundwater samples taken at the Milan AAP showed RDX levels (4 of 39 samples) at <20 to 780 ug/L (avg 270 ug/L)(2). Detected in 7 of 7 ground water wells at a munitions disposal site in concentrations ranging 1-47 ug/L(3). Identified in an unspecified AAP water supply well at 70 ug/L(4). [R42] Cyclonite (RDX) was measured in wastewater discharge from the Holston Army Ammunition Plant(AAP) (RDX production facility), Jan-Jun 1973 (4 discharge sites), not detected to 24.3 mg/L (avg 0.5 to 10.4 mg/L)(1). In May, 1979, the daily discharge of RDX from this plant ranged 0.110 to 16.02 mg/L(2). Emissions from the burning of waste RDX contained none of the pollutant in gaseous form, but 0.0004 to 0.0052 kg/hr was released with particulate emissions(2). Analyzed in the wastewater from an AAP (load and pack facility in Iowa) at concentrations ranging 23.8 to 173 mg/L, averaging 80.5 mg/L (before carbon treatment columns). The discharged effluent concentration of RDX was then reduced to <0.1 to 24.4 mg/L (mean 1.53) mg/L by the filters(3). [R43] Cyclonite (RDX) was found at the Milan Army Ammunition Plant (AAP) in soil samples (51 to 83,000 ng/g) and in 5 of 5 sediment samples from an on site lagoon (2,600 to 38,000 ug/g, avg 11,080 ng/g)(1). In the sediment of a nearby stream, RDX was found in 3 of 15 samples at 290 to 43,000 ug/g (avg 15,160 ng/g)(1). Found in the sediment of a Louisiana AAP waste water lagoon at 0.10 to 89 ug/g(2). Not found in five sediment samples taken near deep water munition dumps in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (detection limits 5 parts per trillion)(3). [R44] FISH: Not found in various fish obtained near deep water munition dumps in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (detection limits 123 parts per trillion)(1). [R45] Inhalation, ingestion, skin & eye contact. [R12] ... DRYING, SIEVING, AND PACKING WHERE DUST ... /CAN/ BE INHALED. [R2, 4197] Those involved in manufacturing of this material and in handling in munitions and solid propellant manufacture. [R12] The probable routes of exposure for cyclonite (RDX) are through dermal contact during the manufacture, formulation, and use of this compound in the production of munitions. For the general public, exposure should be limited to areas where cyclonite is manufactured, converted into munitions, or released through the demilitarization of antiquated munitions. Probable routes of exposure for the general public include ingestion of contaminated water, and inhalation of contaminated particulate matter produced during the incineration of cyclonite containing waste material. (SRC) NIOSH (NOHS Survey 1972- 1974) has statistically estimated that 8242 workers are exposed to cyclonite in the USA(1). NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 488 workers are exposed to cyclonite in the USA (2). [R46] OSHA: 8 hr Time-Weighted avg: 1.5 mg/cu m. Skin absorption designation. /Final rule limits/ must be achieved by any combination of engineering controls, work practices and personal protective equipment-effective Sept 1, 1989. [R47] Meets criteria for OSHA medical records rule. [R48] +8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA) 1.5 mg/cu m (1990) [R49, 17] +Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed three times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 min during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed five times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. [R49, 5] +MAC USSR 1 mg/cu m [R3, 807] Determination in air: Collection on filter ... [R12] POTENTIALLY TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM DISPOSAL OF MUNITIONS FROM A FLUIDIZED BED INCINERATOR WERE IDENTIFIED BY MATERIAL THROUGH-PUT ANALYSIS & COMPUTER SIMULATION MODELING OF THE COMBUSTION CYCLE. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES WERE DEVELOPED & EVALUATED. SUBSTANCES STUDIED INCL RDX. [R50] RDX IN AQ SOLN CAN BE MEASURED DIRECTLY BY RAPID SCAN SINGLE SWEEP POLAROGRAPHY. THE LOWER LIMIT OF DETECTION IS APPROX 0.5 PPM. [R51] HIGH PRESSURE-LIQ CHROMATOGRAPHY & CHEMICAL IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY WERE USED IN THE ISOLATION & IDENTIFICATION OF EXPLOSIVE RESIDUE. THE PROCEDURE IS APPLICABLE TO ANALYSIS OF RESIDUES OF EXPLOSIVES SUCH AS RDX. [R52] Determination in air: Collection on filter, analysis by ultraviolet. [R12]
CREDIT TO SPECTRUM FACT SHEETS
Also from NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0169.html
[This message has been edited by mongo blongo (edited August 27, 2001).]