megalomania
June 8th, 2003, 12:49 PM
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-24-2001 07:09 AM
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Heat of explosion of octogen is 1356 kcal/kg(water-liquid)and 1222 kcal/kg(water-gas)
Heat of combustion 2255-2362 kcal/kg,667.4 kcal/mol.
The strength of the explosive in ballistic mortar and in lead block was:150% and 145% respectively,velocity of detonation 9124m/sec at the density 1.84.The detonation pressure determined by the depth of the impression in a steel plate was found 0.397,that is 150% of that of TNT.
W.E Bachmann and Sheenan developed a method of preparing RDX containing a small quantity of HMX.The method involved nitrolysis of hexamine with ammonium nitrate-nitric acid solution and acetic anhydride.By varying parameters of temperature and acid concentration,ammonium nitrate and acetic anhydride it was shown that the radio RDX/HMX can be altered.Low acidity and the presence of NH4NO3(and paraformaldehyde)favors the formation of octogen.Without ammonium nitrate the linear compound was formed.Higher acidity helps to obtain RDX.
By using 15NH4NO3 W.E.Bachmann and co-workers established that only 15% of nitrogen from NH4 enters octogen,and much more(ca.37%)enters hexogen.Castorina and co-workers used C labelled hexamine,DPT and paraformaldehyde,and found that all these compounds contribute to the formation of octogen.
The following is the method described by Fedoriff and Sheffield as apparently used in U.S.A)
To a 6-10 l.flask equipped with a stirrer and three dropping funnels add 785g acetic acid,13 g acetic anhydride and 17 g of paraformaldehyde keeping the temperature at 44+1.c.
-
Add over 15 min a solution of 101 g of hexamine in 165 g acetic acid,320 g of acetic anhydride and 180 g of ammonium nitrate-nitric acid solution prepared by dissolving 840 of ammonium nitrate in 900 g of nitric acid(99% concentration.)The hexamine and nitric acid are added continuously in correct proportions.The mixture is stirred for 15 min.After that are added:320 g of acetic anhydride and 271 g of nitric acid-ammonium nitrate solution in that proportion and then 160 g acetic anhydride are added in bulk.The mixture is stirred for 60 min.,350 g of hot water are added and refluxed for 30 min.The content is cooled to 20.c by adding ice,the precipitate is collected and washed with three portions of cold water.
The yield of HMX is 95% of the theoretical and the purity 90%
A similar method of obtaining HMX was given by Robbins and Boswell.The composition of the product was 77.5HMX and 22.5 RDX.The yield of HMX was 87.5%.
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-24-2001 05:44 PM
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Price gave a description of the explosive properties of octogen(91%) desensitized with wax(9%):at density 1.71 it shows the rate of detonation 8680m/sec.Octol-a castable mixture of octogen(77%)and TNT(23%)gave the rate of detonation 8540m/sec(density 1.80).They are stronger than analogous compositions with cyclonite.
Kegeler described the composition of 65% octogen with 35%TNT.It shows the rate of detonation
8254m/sec at p=1.80,and
8156m/sec at p=1.77.
There are also compositions described,for example of 94% octogen,3%nitrocellulose and 3%(B-chlororthyl)phosphate.
Of considerable importance now are mixtures of octogen with aluminum powder.Two papers have appeared recently on the ability of aluminized HMX to pass from burning to detonation.Langen and Barth described the properties of Octal 70/30,that is HMX(with wax)70% and aluminum 30%.HMX with wax was composed of 95% of Hochst waxes "S" and "KP"in equal proportions,that is 2.5% of each.The authors of the paper described the method of mixing the ingredients as follows:100 parts of HMX desensitized with waxes were pre-heated to 90.c 42.9 parts of aluminum degreased with carbon tetrachloride and pre-heater to 90.c were mixed in a vessel connected to ground potentail.After that the mixture was sieved through 1mm mesh size.The performance of Octal 70/30 was better than that of RDX/AL 70/30.
Octal 70/30 heat of explosion kcal/kg 1650-Lead block test 555cm3
RDX/AL 70/30 heat of explosion 1635 kcal/kg lead block test 470cm3.
SATANIC
Frequent Poster
Posts: 237
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-26-2001 10:50 PM
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HMX is RDX / TNT 50/50 isn't it? as used in military mortars / artillery shells
c0deblue
Frequent Poster
Posts: 229
From:
Registered: JAN 2001
posted 02-27-2001 01:04 AM
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The 50-50 RDX/TNT mixture to which you refer is similar to Composition B type explosives, except these are specified as a 60-40 ratio. HMX is totally different, although small amounts of HMX are often a byproduct in RDX production.
From Megalomania's site:
"HMX is a very powerful military explosive with similar properties to RDX, the other great military explosive with which it is often mixed. HMX is technically called octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine, other names include 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane; cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; and octogen. HMX is itself an acronym for either High velocity Military eXplosive, or Her Majesties eXplosive depending on what country you are in. HMX is very stable, it requires a powerful detonator or booster charge to detonate. It was first developed during WWII in the never ending search for more powerful bombs."
frostfire
Frequent Poster
Posts: 266
From:
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 04-29-2001 08:32 PM
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for those who love env. and explosive at the sametime
http://www.pu.org/main/reports/anrc9802.pdf
http://www.environment.gov.au/epg/npi/handbooks/approved_handbooks/pubs/fexploman.pdf
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 05-01-2001 03:56 AM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dont know I will check the books and get back to you
Dhzugasvili
Frequent Poster
Posts: 64
From:
Registered: APR 2001
posted 05-22-2001 06:06 PM
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I am planning to make Octogen following the recipe on Mega's site, has anyone tried it? That is a fuckload of reactants, but since its only ratios, smaller amounts can be made. Following the procedure directly from Mega's site it seems that one would end up with A LOT of Octogen, since the yield is 95%. Correct me if I am wrong in any of the things I have said above.
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-24-2001 07:09 AM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heat of explosion of octogen is 1356 kcal/kg(water-liquid)and 1222 kcal/kg(water-gas)
Heat of combustion 2255-2362 kcal/kg,667.4 kcal/mol.
The strength of the explosive in ballistic mortar and in lead block was:150% and 145% respectively,velocity of detonation 9124m/sec at the density 1.84.The detonation pressure determined by the depth of the impression in a steel plate was found 0.397,that is 150% of that of TNT.
W.E Bachmann and Sheenan developed a method of preparing RDX containing a small quantity of HMX.The method involved nitrolysis of hexamine with ammonium nitrate-nitric acid solution and acetic anhydride.By varying parameters of temperature and acid concentration,ammonium nitrate and acetic anhydride it was shown that the radio RDX/HMX can be altered.Low acidity and the presence of NH4NO3(and paraformaldehyde)favors the formation of octogen.Without ammonium nitrate the linear compound was formed.Higher acidity helps to obtain RDX.
By using 15NH4NO3 W.E.Bachmann and co-workers established that only 15% of nitrogen from NH4 enters octogen,and much more(ca.37%)enters hexogen.Castorina and co-workers used C labelled hexamine,DPT and paraformaldehyde,and found that all these compounds contribute to the formation of octogen.
The following is the method described by Fedoriff and Sheffield as apparently used in U.S.A)
To a 6-10 l.flask equipped with a stirrer and three dropping funnels add 785g acetic acid,13 g acetic anhydride and 17 g of paraformaldehyde keeping the temperature at 44+1.c.
-
Add over 15 min a solution of 101 g of hexamine in 165 g acetic acid,320 g of acetic anhydride and 180 g of ammonium nitrate-nitric acid solution prepared by dissolving 840 of ammonium nitrate in 900 g of nitric acid(99% concentration.)The hexamine and nitric acid are added continuously in correct proportions.The mixture is stirred for 15 min.After that are added:320 g of acetic anhydride and 271 g of nitric acid-ammonium nitrate solution in that proportion and then 160 g acetic anhydride are added in bulk.The mixture is stirred for 60 min.,350 g of hot water are added and refluxed for 30 min.The content is cooled to 20.c by adding ice,the precipitate is collected and washed with three portions of cold water.
The yield of HMX is 95% of the theoretical and the purity 90%
A similar method of obtaining HMX was given by Robbins and Boswell.The composition of the product was 77.5HMX and 22.5 RDX.The yield of HMX was 87.5%.
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-24-2001 05:44 PM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Price gave a description of the explosive properties of octogen(91%) desensitized with wax(9%):at density 1.71 it shows the rate of detonation 8680m/sec.Octol-a castable mixture of octogen(77%)and TNT(23%)gave the rate of detonation 8540m/sec(density 1.80).They are stronger than analogous compositions with cyclonite.
Kegeler described the composition of 65% octogen with 35%TNT.It shows the rate of detonation
8254m/sec at p=1.80,and
8156m/sec at p=1.77.
There are also compositions described,for example of 94% octogen,3%nitrocellulose and 3%(B-chlororthyl)phosphate.
Of considerable importance now are mixtures of octogen with aluminum powder.Two papers have appeared recently on the ability of aluminized HMX to pass from burning to detonation.Langen and Barth described the properties of Octal 70/30,that is HMX(with wax)70% and aluminum 30%.HMX with wax was composed of 95% of Hochst waxes "S" and "KP"in equal proportions,that is 2.5% of each.The authors of the paper described the method of mixing the ingredients as follows:100 parts of HMX desensitized with waxes were pre-heated to 90.c 42.9 parts of aluminum degreased with carbon tetrachloride and pre-heater to 90.c were mixed in a vessel connected to ground potentail.After that the mixture was sieved through 1mm mesh size.The performance of Octal 70/30 was better than that of RDX/AL 70/30.
Octal 70/30 heat of explosion kcal/kg 1650-Lead block test 555cm3
RDX/AL 70/30 heat of explosion 1635 kcal/kg lead block test 470cm3.
SATANIC
Frequent Poster
Posts: 237
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 02-26-2001 10:50 PM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HMX is RDX / TNT 50/50 isn't it? as used in military mortars / artillery shells
c0deblue
Frequent Poster
Posts: 229
From:
Registered: JAN 2001
posted 02-27-2001 01:04 AM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The 50-50 RDX/TNT mixture to which you refer is similar to Composition B type explosives, except these are specified as a 60-40 ratio. HMX is totally different, although small amounts of HMX are often a byproduct in RDX production.
From Megalomania's site:
"HMX is a very powerful military explosive with similar properties to RDX, the other great military explosive with which it is often mixed. HMX is technically called octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine, other names include 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane; cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; and octogen. HMX is itself an acronym for either High velocity Military eXplosive, or Her Majesties eXplosive depending on what country you are in. HMX is very stable, it requires a powerful detonator or booster charge to detonate. It was first developed during WWII in the never ending search for more powerful bombs."
frostfire
Frequent Poster
Posts: 266
From:
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 04-29-2001 08:32 PM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for those who love env. and explosive at the sametime
http://www.pu.org/main/reports/anrc9802.pdf
http://www.environment.gov.au/epg/npi/handbooks/approved_handbooks/pubs/fexploman.pdf
shady mutha
Frequent Poster
Posts: 149
From: australia
Registered: SEP 2000
posted 05-01-2001 03:56 AM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dont know I will check the books and get back to you
Dhzugasvili
Frequent Poster
Posts: 64
From:
Registered: APR 2001
posted 05-22-2001 06:06 PM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I am planning to make Octogen following the recipe on Mega's site, has anyone tried it? That is a fuckload of reactants, but since its only ratios, smaller amounts can be made. Following the procedure directly from Mega's site it seems that one would end up with A LOT of Octogen, since the yield is 95%. Correct me if I am wrong in any of the things I have said above.