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15% NH3 in EtOH Preparation?

Started by Bubbleplate, June 01, 2004, 03:37:00 AM

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Bubbleplate

At Rhodiums website, the post "Base-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Ergocristine to Lysergic Acid" (

https://www.thevespiary.org/rhodium/Rhodium/chemistry/ergocristine.html

) has a procedure for producing 15% NH3 in EtOH by adding NaOH to absolute Ethanol containing NH4Cl. However no weights of the reagents are given. If one wanted to produce say, 1 liter of 15% Ammoniated Ethanol, how much NH4Cl, NaOH, and CaO would be required?  TIA.

Novice

As one litre of ethanol weighs about 790 g, you want 15 percent of those grams to be ammonia, that is 790 x 0,15 = 118,5 g, which is 118,5 / 17 g/molNH3 = 7 moles roughly.

NH4Cl + NaOH -> NH3 + H2O + NaCl

You will need to add 7 moles of NH4Cl and 7 moles of NaOH.

Hence:
NH4Cl: 7 x 52,5 g/mol = 367 g.
NaOH: 7 x 40,0 g/mol = 280 g.
CaO: Enough to absorb 7 moles of water (CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2).

I'm quite positive that a solution of 671,5 g ethanol and 118,5 g of ammonia does not have the volume of 1 litre, so you might have to make a slight excess just to be sure you get enough. Now that you get the idea I'm sure it won't be a problem though...

xxxxx

one method is to take a 500ml jar of 28% nh4oh and a 500ml jar of c2h5oh and place them together in a 4000ml jar with a lid. after a day or two the ammonia vapors will go into the alcohol in about 15% which is about the saturation point for nh3 in c2h5oh. i got this from the tips in a lancaster catalog for preparing a silicate-free solution of nh3 from regent stored in glass container.

Bubbleplate

Appreciate the math and tips.