This is intended to accumulate a list of potential stimulants.
The following is a list of stimulants, please input any opinion on use/synthesis etc of such substances.
Please input your opinion regarding amphetamine induced downregulation of neurons [withdrawal effect]
What is your knowledge of safer alternatives available.
[I can refer to my experience with methamphetamine. Intake occured only 2 seperate times - the body seemed to develop extreme urge for the substance afterwards for long term.
Ritalin seemed to produce obvious stimulant effect initially, later with some calmning effects.
Effexor - obvious stimulant effect, too much agitation, social withdrawal. ]
Unfortunetly, there seems to be a lack of pharmaceutical stimulants that have less of the addiction potential. ]
Here is a short list i was able to come up with using
http://amphetamines.com/refs/
[sorted non specificly]
modafinil - alpha 1 agonist [adrenergic receptor subtype]
Focalin - contains only the more active d-isomer. [Dexmethylphenidate]
Pemoline
strattera - atomoxetine - Atomoxetine is a potent inhibitor of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter with minimal affinity for other noradrenergic receptors
[meth]amphetamine - high potency [chronic amphetamine use decreases DAT expression]
ACh agonist/ inhibitors: huperzine [motivation & nACh receptors on VTA DA neurons cause depolarization and increased DA release in
NAc]
Amineptine is a tricyclic antidepressant agent with a capacity to reduce dopamine uptake selectively
Aminorex - aminorex are qualitatively similar to those of amphetamine and unlike those of fenfluramine.
Benzphetamine 50 mg, but not 12.5 mg, increased ratings of drug liking and activity level and produced a profile of subjective effects qualitatively similar to, but weaker than, that produced by d-amphetamine. For both caffeine and benzphetamine, a close relationship was observed between their subjective effects and their ability to substitute for the DS effects of d-amphetamine.
The discriminative stimulus (DS)
cathinone is the main psychoactive constituent of the khat leaf and that, in fact, this alkaloid is a natural amphetamine.
methcathinone - toxic
substituted amphetamines: anorectic.
metaraminol
phenylephrine
Methoxylated amphetamines
Nomifensine, like methylphemidate, d-amphetamine and apomorphine, induces strong, intense stereotypes behaviour in the rat. Withdrawn from market - immunologic complications
Selegiline is a type B monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that is metabolized to amphetamine and methamphetamine.
Effoxor - Venlafaxine :
SNRI [norepinephrine] [edit]
Methyxanthines -Mild stimulant : (theophylline, caffeine
theobromine)
phosphodiesterase inhibitors [cAMP increase]