From a 1800s chemistry book. Veeery interesting.
Table I--Consisting of Frigorific Mixtures, composed of Ice, with Chemical Salts and Acids.
Parts Thermometer Sinks Degree of Cold
Snow or pounded ice 2 to -5 F
Muriate of soda 1
Snow or pounded ice 5 to -12 F
Muriate of soda 2
Muriate of ammonia 1
Snow or pounded ice 24 to -18 F
Muriate of soda 10
Muriate of ammonia 5
Nitrate of potash 5
Snow or pounded ice 12 to -25 F
Muriate of soda 5
Nitrate of ammonia 5
Snow or pounded ice 3 +32 to -23 F -55 F
Diluted sulfuric acid(*) 2
Snow or pounded ice 8 +32 to -27 F -59 F
Muriatic acid (conc.) 5
Snow or pounded ice 4 +32 to -30 F -62 F
Conc. nitrous acid 4
Snow or pounded ice 4 +32 to -40 F -72 F
Muriate of lime 5
Snow or pounded ice 2 +32 to -50 F -82 F
Cryst. muriate of lime 3
Snow or pounded ice 3 +32 to -51 F -83 F
Potash 4
(*) Strong acid 2 parts; water or snow 1 part, by weight.
Table II--Consisting of Frigorific Mixtures, having the power of generating or creating Cold, without the aid of Ice, sufficient for all useful and philosophical purposes, in any part of the world at any season.
Parts Thermometer Sinks Degree of Cold
Muriate of ammonia 5 +50 to +10 F -40 F
Nitrate of potash 5
Water 16
Muriate of ammonia 5 +50 to +4 F -46 F
Nitrate of potash 5
Sulphate of soda 8
Water 16
Nitrate of ammonia 1 +50 to +4 F -46 F
Water 1
Nitrate of ammonia 1 +50 to -7 F -57 F
Carbonate of soda 1
Water 1
Sulphate of soda 3 +50 to -3 F -53 F
Diluted nitrous acid(*) 2
Sulphate of soda 6 +50 to -10 F -60 F
Muriate of ammonia 4
Nitrate of potash 2
Diluted nitrous acid(*) 4
Sulphate of soda 6 +50 to -14 F -64 F
Nitrate of ammonia 5
Diluted nitrous acid(*) 4
Phosphate of soda 9 +50 to -12 F -62 F
Diluted nitrous acid(*) 4
Phosphate of soda 9 +50 to -21 F -71 F
Nitrate of ammonia 6
Diluted nitrous acid(*) 4
Sulphate of soda 8 +50 to 0 F -50 F
Muriatic acid 5
Sulphate of soda 5 +50 to 3 F -47 F
Diluted sulphuric acid(+)4
(*) Fuming nitrous acid, 2 parts; water 1 part, by weight.
(+) Equal weights of strong acid and water
N.B.--If the materials are mixed at a warmer temperature than that expressed in the table, the effect will be proportionately greater; thus, if the most powerful of these mixtures be made when the air is +85 F, it will sink the thermometer to + 2 F.
Table III--Consisting of Frigorific Mixtures selected from the foregoing tables and combined so as to increase or extend Cold to the extremest degrees.
Parts Thermometer Sinks Degree of Cold
Phosphate of soda 5 0 to -34 F -34 F
Nitrate of ammonia 3
Diluted nitrous acid 4
Phosphate of soda 3 -34 to -50 F -16 F
Nitrate of ammonia 2
Diluted mixed acids 4
Snow or pounded ice 3 0 to -46 F -46 F
Diluted nitrous acid 2
Snow or pounded ice 8 -10 to -56 F -46 F
Diluted sulphuric acid 3
Diluted nitrous acid 3
Snow or pounded ice 1 -20 to -60 F -40 F
Diluted sulphuric acid 1
Snow or pounded ice 3 20 to -48 F -68 F
Muriate of lime 4
Snow or pounded ice 3 10 to -54 F -64 F
Muriate of lime 4
Snow or pounded ice 2 -15 to -68 F 53 F
Muriate of lime 3
Snow or pounded ice 1 0 to -66 F -66 F
Cryst. muriate of lime 2
Snow or pounded ice 1 -40 to -73 F -33 F
Cryst. muriate of lime 3
Snow or pounded ice 8 -68 to -91 F -23 F
Diluted sulphuric acid 10
Remarks: The above artificial processes for the production of cold are more effective when the ingredients are first cooled by immersion in other freezing mixtures. In this way Mr. Walker succeeded in producing a cold equal to 100 F below the zero of Fahrenheit, or 132 F below the freezing point of water.
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It looks to ning like it would bee possible to liquify ammonia without dry ice, by use of a 2-stage "frigorific mixture", according to these directions.
If it was CaCl2 ("Muriate of lime") you were using, it would even bee possible to reuse it by letting the spent mixture dry in the sun, then baking all the water off again.