Reactant: 4-amino-butyric acid
Products: dihydro-furan-2-one (70%), 4-hydroxy-butyric acid (30%)
Reagents: NaNO2, HCl
Solvent: H2O
Time: 24 hour(s)
Other Conditions: Ambient temperature
Reference: Bull.Soc.Chim.Fr.; 1; 88-94 (1989)
Reactant: butyric acid
Product: 4-hydroxy-butyric acid, dihydro-furan-2-one
Reagent: O2, K2PtCl4, K2PtCl6
Time: 144 hour(s)
Temperature: 80-90°C
Other Conditions: other aliphatic carboxylic acids; also without Pt(IV)-catalyst
Reference: J.Chem.Soc.Chem.Commun.; 18; 1991; 1242-1243.
Reactant: succinic acid monomethyl ester
Product: 4-hydroxy-butyric acid
Yield: 90 percent
Reagent NaBH4
Solvent: H2O
Time: 12 hour(s)
Other Conditions: Ambient temperature
Reference: Synth.Commun.; 18; 15; 1988; 1765-1772.
Reactant: succinic acid anhydride
Product: 4-hydroxy-butyric acid
Reagent: hydrogen, nickel
Other Conditions: die Saeure bezw.ihr Lacton, das Butyrolacton entsteht
Ref: Chem.Zentralbl.; GE; 78; I; 1907; 1617.
Reactant: succinic acid anhydride
Product: 4-hydroxy-butyric acid
Reagent: sodium amalgam, diethyl ether, hydrochloric acid
Other Conditions: die Saeure bezw.ihr Lacton, das Butyrolacton entsteht
Reference: Chem.Ber.; 29; 1896; 1193.