Reaction Byproducts of Common Cold Tablet Ingredients Via Hydriodic Acid/Red PhosphorusOulton-S-R; Skinner-H-FMicrogram 32(10), 257-285 (1999)AbstractIn southern California, the current method of choice for the synthesis of illicit methamphetamine is the reduction of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine with hydriodic acid and red phosphorus. However, as a result of restrictions on the availability of both precursors, common cold tablet preparations are increasingly being used as a source of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Such tablets also contain other ingredients such as paracetamol, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, guaifenesin, and triprolidine. Depending on the isolation method used, these other compounds may be present in the reaction mixtures and subsequently produce other by-products. This paper describes the by-products formed as a result of the reaction between the tablet ingredients and hydriodic acid/red phosphorus. The identification of the by-products found in clandestine methamphetamine laboratories would help to determine the exact cold preparation used as the source of the precursor.
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Synthesis of deuterio-l-amphetamine, d1 sulfateForeman RL, Siegel FP, Mrtek RG.J Pharm Sci. 1969 Feb;58(2):189-92.____ ___ __ _
The Identification of Cathinone in Khat (Catha edulis): A Time StudyLee MMJ. Forensic. Sci. 40(1), 116-121 (1995)AbstractPrevious studies on the khat plant (
Catha edulis) illustrated the importance of using freshly harvested young shoots and leaves such that cathinone, the principal active component and Schedule I controlled drug contained within the plant, could be suitably isolated and identified. Upon drying and storage of the cut plant material, cathinone readily converts to the reduced product, cathine, which necessitates rapid extraction and chemical analysis for cathinone identification. This study demonstrates that by air drying the young khat shoots at ambient temperature, cathinone may be detected in khat samples that have been harvested for more than 10 days. Refrigeration for two weeks and freezing for one month of the khat samples also yield identifiable levels of cathinone. Cathinone and cathine are both specifically determined and differentiated by vapor phase infrared detection, which is the method of choice in relation to mass spectrometry.
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MS data of some metabolites of the amphetamine derivatives MDA MDMAVerweij AMArch Kriminol. 197(1-2), 27-30 (1996) [Article in German]
AbstractMass spectrometric data are presented for the detection of metabolites of the amphetamine derivates 3,4-(Methylenedioxy)amphetamine (MDA) und 3,4-(Methylenedioxy)methylamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) as well as some other derivatives.
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Intermediates/byproducts in the illegal production of fentanyl, and its p-fluoro- and N-acetyl analoguesFritschi G, Klein B.Arch Kriminol. 196(5-6), 149-55 (1995) [Article in German]
AbstractThe aim of the present work was the gaschromatographic and mass spectrometric characterization of intermediates and artifacts in the illegal synthesis of fentanyl and fluorfentanyls. These data provide the means to recognize fentanyls from illicit production.
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Fentanyl analogues with a modified propanamido group as potential affinity labels: synthesis and in vivo activity.Essawi MYH.Pharmazie 54(4), 307–8 (1999)
LSD and structural analogs: pharmacological evaluation at D1 dopamine receptorsWatts VJ., Lawler CP., Fox DR., Neve KA., Nichols DE., Mailman RB Psychopharmacology 118(4), 401-9 (1995)____ ___ __ _
Complex stimulus properties of LSD: a drug discrimination study with ?2-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists Marona-Lewicka D., Nichols DEPsychopharmacology 120(4), 384-91 (1995)
High atomic yield bromine-less benzylic brominationMestres, Ramon; Palenzuela, JesusGreen Chemistry 4(4), 314-316 (2002)DOI:
10.1039/b203055a
AbstractA two-phase mixture (sodium bromide, aqueous hydrogen peroxide/carbon tetrachloride or chloroform) under visible light provides a simple and convenient system for benzylic bromination of toluenes. A high atomic yield for bromine atoms is attained. Substitution of the chlorinated solvents by other more environmentally benign organic solvents has been attempted and good results are obtained for methyl pivalate.
Found in Post 468080
(moo: "Another one", Methods Discourse)
The Synthesis of a New Homologue of Mescaline Hey, P.Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Vol. 20, 129-134 (1947)
Could anyone fetch these two revolutionary articles by Channe Gowda, published back-to back in Ind. J. Chem?Hydrazine/magnesium mediated cost-effective and selective reduction of nitro compoundsSrinivasa GR, Abiraj K, Gowda DCInd. J. Chem. Sect. B, 42(11), 2885-2887 (2003)AbstractHydrazine aided catalytic transfer hydrogenation has been employed for the reduction of both aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds to corresponding amines. The use of low-cost magnesium, as catalyst leads to high yields of amino compounds under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. Many commonly encountered functional groups like ethene, nitrile, acid, phenol, halogen etc. are compatible with the present system.
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Magnesium/ammonium formate promoted rapid, low-cost and selective reduction of nitro compoundsSrinivasa GR, Abiraj K, Gowda DCInd. J. Chem. Sect. B, 42(11), 2882-2884 (2003)AbstractThe reduction of nitro compounds, both aliphatic and aromatic into corresponding amines has been achieved at room temperature in good yields by employing ammonium formate in the presence of low cost magnesium powder. The hydrogenation is fast and selective in the presence of other sensitive functionalities such as halogens, -OH, -OCH3, -CN, -COOR, -COOH etc. It was observed that, this system is equally compatible with existing methods, which employ expensive catalysts like palladium, platinum, ruthenium etc.
Wanted Amphetamine Syntheses:Preparation of 2-phenylisopropylamine F.M. Jaeger and J.A. van DijkProc. Acad. Sci. Amsterdam, 44, 26-40 (1941) [CA 37, 6219 (1943)]
Reduction of phenylhydrazone-p-sulfonic acidsR. Fusco and L. CanonicaChim. Ind. (Milan) 32, 208-210 (1950) [CA 45, 4645a (1951)]
Catalyst selection for the lactonization of 1,4-butanediolSrinivas B, Subrahmanyam M, Kulkarni SJ, Rao YVS, Rao AVRIndian Journal Of Chemical Technology 3(4), 237-238 (1996)AbstractChromite catalysts have been studied with and without modifiers for lactonization of 1,4-butanediol. The reaction on majority of the catalyst proceeds giving rise to cyclodehydration product, tetrahydrofuran (THF) mainly rather than cyclodehydrogenation product of gamma-butyrolactone (gamma-BL). The lactonization of 1,4-butanediol increases when the zinc chromite catalyst is modified with Pt metal. Few methods are discussed regarding the preparation and modification of the catalysts and their effects in selectivity from THF to gamma-BL.
Synthetic approaches to cocaine and its analogs Simoni, Daniele; Rondanin, Riccardo; Roberti, Marinella Targets in Heterocyclic Systems, Vol. 3, pp. 147-183 (1999) AbstractA review of the most important synthetic approaches to cocaine and its analogs with 95 refs. It is presented in the following chapters;
(1) Introduction
(2) Total synthesis of cocaine via Mannich-type cyclization, nitrone-based approach, and Dieckmann cyclization
(3) Synthesis of anhydroecgonine methylester
(4) Synthesis of cocaine's analogs
(5) Conclusions. Particular attention has been devoted to the recent synthetic acquisitions esp. regarding the synthesis of two-carbon bridge substituted cocaines as well as to conformationally restricted cocaine derivs.
(Please scan the pages in an OCR-friendly way, as in completely straight and in 200 DPI. Do not compress with jpg/djvu.)
Synthesis, Stability and Analysis of MDA analogsJ Alabama Academy Sci 64, 34-48 (1993) Methadone NMR AnalysisSci. Pharm. 68(3), 229-234 (2000)
Reactions of aliphatic epoxy compounds. IV. New route for DL-ephedrine synthesis.Lunge, Jerzy; Belzecki, CzeslawActa Polon. Pharm. 18, 177-81 (1961)Ref found in in
Post 290749
(foxy2: "Novel route to Ephedrine and possibly its analogs", Novel Discourse)
Synthesis of benzyl chloride by solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis methodBui Thi Van Nga; Chu Pham Ngoc SonTap Chi Hoa Hoc 23(4), 6-7 (1985) AbstractPhCH
2Cl was prepd. by chlorination of PhMe with Ca(OCl)
2 using tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate or tetrabutylammonium bromide as phase-transfer catalysts. With suitable ratio of PhMe-catalyst, the yield was high and the reaction was quite selective.
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Chemical Reagents 21(4), 231-232 (1999) Synthesis of 1-(2-bromophenyl)-2-propanol
Chemical Reagents 21(5), 264-265 (1999) Synthesis of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylbenzaldehyde
Chemical Reagents 22(6), 356-357 (2000) A new synthetic method for phenylacetone
Title: Hua hsüeh shih chi = Huaxue shiji = Chemical Reagents
ISSN: 02583283
Homepage:
http://huaxsj.periodicals.net.cn/default.html
Libraries in the western hemisphere carrying the journal:Linda Hall Library
(
http://www.lindahall.org) (Kansas City, Missouri, USA)
British Library Science Reference Library (London, England)
Universitaets Bibliothek und TIB (Hanover, Germany)