While melting points are helpful, I would not get down if the melting point is too off, because just a small percent of impurities can manipulate it drastically. Melting are good tools, but I am starting to believe that the best tools, are tools like Jones reagent, Tollens test, Lucus test and so on, in the combination of other neat and efficient methods describe in Vogels 5th Ed. Also, sitting down and figuring out all the side products, (except for bullshit denaturants found it p-fed) and using that information to correctly separate, based on the properties, this method is also found in Vogels 5th Ed. One more thing, the polarimetry tools is cheap I think, and might be also very helpful. One could probably just make one.
P.S. Swig suggest that you find the kind of test that you will need in order to identify any compound that you are likely to run into or synthesize, and before doing anymore reactions make little bottles labeled with there names, (one might use iodine tinc. Bottles) however, Jones reagent seems to eat the top off. Then buy little droplets tubes and then you can run many tests very fast and mess is limited. Here is a site for most common test, although many more can be found. These tests are very fun because of the visual and smell changes. Tollens test produces a mirror with aldehydes. When swig made benzyl bromide with benzyl alcohol and HBr, Jones test was used to see if the reaction was completed, then swig notice the smell of benzaldehyde very strong, which lets me know that primary alcohol was still present, and the most important, Benzaldehyde has the possibility of being produced and isolated in great yields using the Jones reagent.
http://www.chemistry.ccsu.edu/glagovich/teaching/472/qualanal/tests/tests.html
P.P.S. When doing the Melting point test in the lab, it seems to turn in to a liquid first and then vaporizes (depends on the compound), It happens very fast, before it happends it has very faint melting appearants, and then once the point is acheived it has a crumble like visual affect right before it melts, but that is only when using mel-temp.