The Vespiary

The Hive => Chemistry Discourse => Topic started by: psyloxy on October 14, 2003, 07:21:00 PM

Title: polyphosphoric acid experiences ?
Post by: psyloxy on October 14, 2003, 07:21:00 PM
Uhhm, this may seem a bit pathetical, but my great interest in the subject gently forces me to post this nonetheless:

I want to hear peoples voices on failed and/or successful attempts or some detailed 2nd hand writeups on preparations of the title compound (best without using P2O5) cause it is another important puzzle-piece in the picture showing the clandestine way to EtNO2 / propiophenones. 

Post 377568 (https://www.thevespiary.org/talk/index.php?topic=9030.msg37756800#msg37756800)

(FriendlyFinger: "I want to make proipiophenone", Methods Discourse)

Post 463377 (https://www.thevespiary.org/talk/index.php?topic=6375.msg46337700#msg46337700)

(psyloxy: "alpha-bromopropanoic acid - a final word ?", Chemistry Discourse)

Notes for it's preparation can be found in

Post 398338 (https://www.thevespiary.org/talk/index.php?topic=9688.msg39833800#msg39833800)

(Aurelius: "repost", Methods Discourse)

Post 412338 (https://www.thevespiary.org/talk/index.php?topic=9688.msg41233800#msg41233800)

(Aurelius: "Ulmann's Polyphosphoric acid", Methods Discourse)

Post 362697 (missing)

(starlight: "not sure as yet", Newbee Forum).

I know there's lot's of refs that I could all read myself but I simply don't have easy access to them, thanks for your undestanding.

--psyloxy--
Title: Polyphosphoric Acid
Post by: roger2003 on October 14, 2003, 07:42:00 PM
From Merck 13th:

Literature References:  May be prepd by heating H3PO4 with sufficient phosphoric anhydride to give the resulting product an 82-85% P2O5 content:  Bell, Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 1464 (1949); Van Wazer, Holst, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 639 (1950); Kennard, Org. Chem. Bull. 29, no. 1 (1957).  Consists of about 55% tripolyphosphoric acid, the remainder being H3PO4 and other polyphosphoric acids.  Typical analysis:  83.0% P2O5; ortho equivalent 115.0%.

Title: Preparation of Polyphosphoric Acid
Post by: Rhodium on October 16, 2003, 09:57:00 AM
Structure and Properties of the Condensed Phosphates. I. Some General Considerations about Phosphoric Acids
John R. Van Wazer, Karl A. Holst

J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 639-644 (1950) (https://www.thevespiary.org/rhodium/Rhodium/pdf/polyphosphoric.acid.pdf)

(https://www.thevespiary.org/rhodium/Rhodium/pdf/polyphosphoric.acid.pdf)

May be prepd by heating H3PO4 with sufficient {P2O5} to give the resulting product an 82-85% P2O5 content

For calculating the needed amounts, assume that 85% H3PO4 is a mixture of 15 wt% H2O and 85 wt% of a 19:81 mixture of H2O/P2O5 - This as phosphorous pentoxide and water reacts to form phosphoric acid as follows:

3 H2O (18g/mol) + 2 P2O5 (142 g/mol) (https://www.thevespiary.org/rhodium/Rhodium/hive/hiveboard/picproxie_docs/000464600-file_mxzy.gif) 2 H3PO4 (169 g/mol)

We can then calculate that 85% H3PO4 is equal to a mixture of 15 + (0.85 * 19) = 31.15 wt% H2O and 0.85 * 81 = 68.85% P2O5

Now simply add enough P2O5 to make a 82-85% solution and heat as in the article linked above.