Author Topic: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate  (Read 357 times)

sassa

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small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« on: July 31, 2010, 01:38:11 PM »
I am on the point  of trying  my first reductive amination  using sodium cyanoborohydride  and ammonium acetate. Since always, my desire is to begin with a small quantity of ketone to prove his functioning and probably will go after with one complete batch.
 I am handling the quantities of the Total Synthesis II:
 200 Gr Ketone(stupid amount of course)
 900 Aprox. Ammonium Acetate
 N2 Atmosphere

    MY question is about  from what quantity of ketone is advisable to begin, since is the well-read one that the reductive amination with Na Cyano is of very low amine yields in small quantities of ketone.
 Also i wish to know what will happens if I run the reaction without using the N2 atmosohere, so adjusting  the PH across the time as Shulgin affirms.I have a N2 source but no tank.I would need to carry it from the shop on 1-2  little globes.
     Any practical info would be very usefull(it´s the third time i tried to get info about that  ::) ::),but at this moment i´m really on the way. ;)
« Last Edit: August 02, 2010, 02:38:09 PM by sassa »

jon

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Re: small vs big batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoborohydride
« Reply #1 on: July 31, 2010, 03:27:20 PM »
journal articles will commonly run thier expiriments under n2 to eliminate variables but it seldom means it's nessecary.
as for that system i can't say it is a reducing agent so oxygen may be bad for the system why don't you study the properties of sodium cyanoborohydride.
are you aware that it can generate cyanide gas at the wrong ph?

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #2 on: August 02, 2010, 02:49:07 PM »
cyanide gas? :P :P :P
  I was readind strikes Total Synthesis II,and seems to not advice much care about cyanide gas produced.Only spread a little quantity of N2 gas on the flask,close it quickly  with alumium foil and then let stirring for 24 H without Ph adjust.Then,typicall cleaning of the freebase.I´m afraid of that cyanide gas of course :o(only have read it´s produced on the synthesis of Na cyanoborohydride from Na bororohydride)
   I have now sitting the chemicals on my lab waiting,...but don´t want to make any mistake with so serious  gases.Seems that mda have asociated more problems on its manufacturing that mdma,but i have read from Strikes and Uncle Fester it´s better all the day than his "poor cousin mdma" like they said.
   I was reading the oxime method to MDA,but i´m not able to reduce that oxime without my lab support at this moment.

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #3 on: August 04, 2010, 06:44:00 PM »
nobody runned never the cyano route??? ???

Dr.Methoxy

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #4 on: August 15, 2010, 11:03:03 PM »
You should avoid the toxic/expensvie cyanoborohydride and go with triacetoxyborohydride.

I've done a lot of aminoreduction (ketone and aldehyde) with STAB in THF or AcOEt wich gave high yield every time.

I suggest you to dissolve the ketone into *anhydrous* MeOH, treat it with 2+ eq of MeNH2  in MeOH, stir for 1 day to let the imine formation occur and reduce it with NaBH4 or better NaBH(AcO)3. Yield expected 90+% with STAB. And STAB can be prepared via adding 3 eq of AcOH into a suspension of NaBH4 in toluene or AcOEt.

jon

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #5 on: August 15, 2010, 11:05:39 PM »
really STAB stands up to methanol??
hmm thf, ethylacetate? i only thought it worked in dichloroethane.

Dr.Methoxy

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #6 on: August 15, 2010, 11:19:44 PM »
DCE is the best solvent for an aminoreduction but our company banned it due to its toxicity. Most of the reactions were done in THF (or even dioxane, acetonitrile) but we discovered ethyl acetate worked VERY well on various substrate. The main problem is the formation of the amide when you distills off the solvent. Very good to dialkyate an amine with a aldehyde or a ketone though.

An aminoreduction cannot be done in MeOH because STAB reduces the aldehyde/ketone but it can be performed if you prepare the imine BEFORE reducing.

Dr.MeO

jon

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #7 on: August 16, 2010, 11:12:10 PM »
i read that the amides come from the transfer of acyl groups from the triacetoxy borohydride.

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #8 on: September 02, 2010, 08:28:05 PM »
well,i was reading a lot of articles about sodium cyanoborohydride reductions of ketones,and seems was a very efective method on the past but a little obsolete on these days,most because it´s toxicity and very good alternatives on these days.
   I ´ve  discovered lately i have easy acces to hydroxylamine to do the oxime reaction,but it´s too late...
    But my situation actually it´s about i have 50 gr cyano. (i can´t get money refund)and enough ketone and ammonium acetate to make the reduction of the ketone to MDA.
   I was reading the procedure,looking about how oxigene degradates the cyano and how reaction needs to be make on near anhydrous condition.I think i can make a good scene to try it but i have some dudes that no article solved.
   1.Shulgin´s talks about mix chemicals but not on what kind of flask,beaker.,...if i need to cover the flask or not...I´m going to do the reaction adjusting Ph to neutrality,knowing that it´s crucial on get a good rate reaction and minimize HCN production.I´m going to use and air extractor direct from the flask´s open conducted to the exterior.I choosed that set-up because need easy Ph adjusting by Ph strips and have not  access at this moment to a Nitrogene atmosphere.
   But my question it,s:HOW QUICKLY CAN CHANGE THE PH USING ABOUT 40 GR SODIUM CYANOBOROHYDRIDE AND APROX 100 GR KETONE AND 400 GR AMMONIUM ACETATE,BECAUSE OBVIOUSLY I NEED TO SLEEP AND TO WORK ,AND POSSIBLE THAT FLASK WILL BE NOT LOOKING AT ON PERIODS ABOUT 6 HOURS...IT´S POSSIBLE PH CHANGES TOO MUCH ON THAT INTERVALES TO MAKE THE REACTION DANGEROUS??POSSIBLE NEEDS HELP FROM A FRIEND TO CHECK THE PH???I´M REALLY AFRAID ABOUT THAT CYANIDE GAS..NOT TOO MUCH PROBLEMS ABOUT REACTION GIVES LOW YIELDS.I HAVE ANIMALS AT HOME AND MORE PEOPLE LIVING.I WAS LOOKING FOR THE BEST SET-UP ABOUT GLASSWARE AND CAUTION WITHOUT USING THAT NITROGENE ATMOSPHERE.


  I will really apreciate any advice about this question,because i´m going to attemp the reaction in few days when i receive any solution about that questions,but want to make sure i will work on the best situation i can.

   Most important how much time can the flask sit alone without any risk of danger with that amounts.

   Possible sounds  i´m little hypocondriac about that reaction(like was when first used Hg on my first amalgamations) but needs relly that information.Thanks
   

lugh

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #9 on: September 03, 2010, 01:32:23 AM »
Strike said a nitrogen atmosphere is needed, he suggests covering the flask with aluminum foil while it's stirring  ;) Ventilation is only common sense in chemistry, so figure out a way to improvise a fume hood  8)
« Last Edit: September 03, 2010, 01:34:48 AM by lugh »
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sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #10 on: September 03, 2010, 02:20:10 PM »
Obviosuly Strike was my first introduction to that method,second Uncle Fester and third Shulgin´s.I was really interested about how Strikes puts that method like the easiest,cleaniest,high yieldieng to go from ketone to mda.How it talks about it,seems Strikes runned that route in his days many times with complety succes.I can see that   in comparison to other routes,when Stikes talks sincerily about he knows the route theorically but not on the practicall way.
    I know he talks about use the Nitrogene atmosphere but don´t want make strange purchases,but of course, i can use my imagination.I will talk this afternoom with people from a Car workshop that inflate wheels with N2 gas.Maybe it´s posible i can carry some nitrogene gas to my home o some kind of elastic container.I know i would need only a little,because the method consist on spray a little N2 on the flask and then cover it with aluminium.Maybe that way would make method more secure and easy.I will talk to that people then.Thank,s and any more advices will be great! :D :D.Thank´s

lugh

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #11 on: September 04, 2010, 03:08:46 AM »
These rather old and dated Hive Text Files might bee helpful  8)
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sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #12 on: September 04, 2010, 06:05:34 PM »
wow.. ;D ;D  thank´s a lot lugh,really don´t have that articles  and  seems it would be really usefull to me to atempt the reaction understanding how  it will progress .Great! ;)
   I will try  to post when the reaction will done.I hope all will go right.Bye !

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #13 on: September 23, 2010, 09:53:44 PM »
Finally work done with complet succes!! ;D ;D ;D.
I think maybe my experience can help others that want to try that reaction.Maybe exists more high yielding methods to mda from mdp2p,but this method it´s so easy and the yields are just good enough to put that reaction as a one of the best to mda from ketone if one have access to cyanoborohydride.
   I was reading a lot about cyanoborohydride,reading a lot how that reaction works better on big batches than small ones,how Ph can fuck the cyanoborohydride activity(may stay betwwen 6-8),reading a lot about best reaction time to get maximum yields(36 hours),reading s lot about nasty HCN liberated when the cake it´s flooded with  10 % HCL,...reading a lot how N2 or any inert gas atmosphere prevents cyanoborohydride descomposition and results on better yields......
   After all,and thinking about my glassware possibilities and more,i decided to:

1. Runned the reaction without N2 atmosphere.To minimize O2 and H2O on flask atmosphere,i used the smallest flask to make  the reaction,so the air space on the top was minimal.After addition off all chemicals,read Ph(7) and closed very tigh the flask with aluminium foil and let it until reaction finished.
2.Runned reaction without Ph adjusting.Have read Ph not change much with ammonium acetate vs more change with methylamine,thinking about how water makes yields go down,i decided to not put any 34 %Hcl to correct Ph because i´m lazzy  ;) and seems there is not necesary with ammonium acetate.
   So i describe how i runned that wonderfull experience ;)!

1.In a 1 litre flask,put in this order:
   -130 gr. ammonium acetate with 480 ml anhydrous methanol and stirred until all ammonium was on solution.Addition makes temperature falls,so takes time to complete disolution.
   -28,4 gr. ketone.Solution becomes green.
   -8 gr. sodium cyanoborohydride.Weighted and trasnfered into the flask as soon as possible.

    That amounts are Shulgin´s procedure X4.
  
 2.Inmediatly covered the flask with aluminium foil very tigh and let stirring at medium tempo to create a minimum vortex on solution and let the atmosphere as quiet as possible.
 3. stirred at room tempo over 42 hours.Have read  better yields becomes with 36 hours but need to extend to 42 hours because my work.Solution started clear yellow-green and the color intesity goes down to pale yellow almost water like colour until 42 hours.
 3.Cheking Ph after addition of chemicals:was Ph 7 when reaction finished was Ph 7´5.Perfectly fine to cyanoborohydride activity.I was afraid about Ph changing,but no change during the reaction,and don´t wanted to let air and humidity go into reaction flask.
 4.After 42 hours, put the flask on distillation setup,and distilled methanol under minimun vacumm,with air outlet of the vaccum pump conected to exterior.No gasses on the room and quickly methanol distilled .
5 .After methanol distillation,can see a very concentrated solution on the bottom of the flask,like 100 ml.
6. Let cold.No cake formed like some people tells.Thought was common on big batches with big amounts of ammonium acetate.
7.Make 600 ml 10 % Hcl and poored into the flask using   top of the 3- way adapter of distillation collum.Inmeadiatly,closed again the set-up quickly,but some nasty fumes scaped from the top.Very very very nasty fumes .Happy only a little.Quickly connected vacumm on minimun to extract that gasses to exterior.That´s the more tricky part of reaction,but very easy anyway.
8.Let stir until no bubbling observed,like 30 minutes.Soution it´s milky green.
9.Extracted unreacted ketone with 100 ml DCM once.Very easy.DCM becomes green and solution becomes milky white without green tint.Saved the ketone/dcm to another batch.
10.Maked 250 ml Saturated Naoh solution and freezed.Transfered solution to a 1000 ml beaker and put into an ice bath with stirring.Basified that solution to Ph 13 very slowly.Funny bubbling again but no nasty fumes.Mda freebase was saw mostly on top and bottom on little drops form.
11.Extracted 2 times with 250 ml DCM:Like fucking always,DCM on basic solutions made significant emulsions on my experiments.Will try next time with toluene to extract MDA freebase.When adding the dcm to the basic solution with stirring,becomes red-wine!!.And Dcm extractions were orange-red.
12.Chilled DCM,and gassed with that guetto gasser from the forum made with a wash bottle.Really a improvement on gassing.Mixed like 100 gr calcium chloride and 50 ml 34% hcl,quickly covered,and almost instantlly hcl gas exist the tube in a very dry form.Gassed the solution until no more crystals precipitated.That crystals on DCM are way more big and sparkly than the puffy ones of mdma on toluene.Really pretty preetty  sparkly white crystals with little pink.
13. Let deposite on bottom while chilling,filtered,acetone washed....
     18 Gr MDA HCL on pretty sparkly smow white colour!
    It´s a aprox. yield of 65 %.Much better than aprox. 35 % shulgins with 7 gr ketone.Very logical the bigger the batch,bigger the  yield.Of course,it´s far from the 80-90 % Strike yields,but that it´s one of the most easiest reaction i have done.

Bad things:cyanoborohydride price!50 gr=185$.But thinking on only used 8 gr cyanoborohydide,that reactions sound now way better.

Didn´t tasted the product yet at this moment.. :D :D :D :DThat will be tomorrow Friday.Of course it will be a great night! ;D ;D ;D
  
     HOPE THAT MY EXPERIENCE CAN HELP SOMEONE TO DO THAT REACTION IF IT´S INTO HIS INTENTIONS.
  
    BYE AND THANKS TO ALL!
    


« Last Edit: September 23, 2010, 10:32:31 PM by sassa »

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #14 on: September 27, 2010, 03:51:31 PM »
Since always I have considered myself to be a prudent person as for the first times with unknown drugs ;),
Decided to prove the first time with MDA mixed in 50 % ratio with MDMA, and I have to say that the experience has been completely satisfactory in relation to the high produced respect MDMA alone.
    Much more speedy ,euphoric and funny, also more crazy  :o... but in general much better than  mdma only. The empathy I notice exactly equally, but the added energy turns this mixture MDMA/MDA into the best alternative to do party to me.
    On the negative side, i found more problems to sleep after the effects,one friend started talking alone on maximum peak ???(one with little tolerance to mdxx compounds), and the day after i was more tired and cost me enough more time to return to start doing things, though it is necessary to say that the night  was way more large and intense  that using only mdma(gone bed at 12:00 am,when usually i go at 8:00 normally). No type of post-depression was observed,(i haven´t tendece to that of course), and enclosed the high noticed more cleaner and with fewer body high that with  mdma alone.
   Curiously ,do not observe any type of visual  effect, except small subtleties in the colors kind of ones felt with mushrooms, but any type of strong visuals.
     Of course,next time will be with pure MDA alone ,and will see what extraordinary things can make that drug ;D ;D ;D.,.
  
« Last Edit: September 27, 2010, 03:53:50 PM by sassa »

jon

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #15 on: September 27, 2010, 05:42:35 PM »
i once took mdma for three weeks straight and i could'nt get high any more then a light bulb went off in my head mda/mdma.
so i made the mda and mixed it up and stayed rolling through the rest of the month.
a month long ecstacy binge.

NeilPatrickHarris

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #16 on: September 28, 2010, 01:22:55 AM »
always glad to read a story with a happy ending, nice work  :)

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #17 on: September 28, 2010, 02:38:03 PM »
Thank you for your help,Lugh,Jon,... ;).Really, without part of the information posted here, it probably didn´t run the reaction correct.
       I have in mind leave  the chemistry for a few months and devote more thoroughly to other hobbys, so now I am running again this route with the rest of ketone and cyanoborohydride that I still have. In this case I choseed  for the flask atmosphere Helium for fill it, after reading that it is equal of inertly as the nitrogen and curiously it is easy to obtain in the shape of childern's baloons.
      The image of me  with 2 baloons atached to my bycicle yesterday at full speed across my town was hylarious!More when i met a friend ::) ::)...and of course asked....

     One thing i noticed it´s as mda comes in pretty white sparkly crystals from gassing on dcm,after trying crystallization with slow water evaporation,that mda doesn´t want to make crystals like mdma.It re-crystallize(i know it isn´t exactly that) as an amourphous hard mass.
   Any advice to get decent little MDA crystals?
   I usually get i from mdma disolving it in minimum hot water and putting a fan near to total evaporation,but seems not work with mda. .

PD:JON.....Maybe 30 days rolling it´s too much to our brains...i don´t know ;) ;) ;) ;) ;) ;).
     Than´s a lot for your advices Jon!
« Last Edit: September 28, 2010, 02:39:59 PM by sassa »

sassa

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #18 on: September 28, 2010, 07:31:28 PM »
Finally,the crystallization from water resulted on a container that presents 2 types of apearance:superior ,very likely to a "carstic paisage"",with puffy and less consolidated material,and the bottom, like an uniform hard well crystallized white mass very similar to quartz rock,but not on the way of well definied cubic crystals like mdma.Possibly too fast water evaporation ,resulted on amorphus mass on top and pretty wihite rock on bottom.So next time will try a slower evaporation and sure will get a totally white rock.That´s will be good ;D!

jon

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Re: small batches on reductive amination with NA cyanoboro. and ammonium acetate
« Reply #19 on: September 29, 2010, 12:41:52 AM »
well with mda acetate i always had good luck with boiling ethanol to form a supersaturated soln. and acetone about 3 volumes.
i'd get fine white crystals smaller due to the rapid crystalization mda can be tricky to crystalize.
quantum dude would be able to answer your question in greater detail.
he's expert with this.
sometimes if it was dirty it would oil out and i'd have to do the full workup.
it just depended on purity

yes i'd have to agree taking mda for a month is a bad idea.

also trichloroethane is a good solvent and less prone to form emulsions due to it's lesser polarity dcm always forms emulsions.
funny thing is with the organic acid salts i noticed they were soluble in chlorinated solvents i never dicked with hydrochlorides though.
you probably still have something in the dcm you might try evaporating that to see.
« Last Edit: September 29, 2010, 12:47:13 AM by jon »