Author Topic: Esters of oxycodone  (Read 428 times)

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #20 on: November 29, 2011, 03:13:29 AM »
yeah i noticed that too with 14-proppionoxy codinone too it only lasted 3 hours too.
and no i did'nt injecct it maybe that's the ticket to getting the full effects out of it.
hmmm interesting.

sol invictus you can get by with just refluxing cinnamic anhydride 10 ml/gram of 14-hydroxy codeinone for three hours that does the job too.
if you wanted the diester you would need to use sodium acetate to enolize the ketone so it can be esterified and it would take 20 hours.
you can get a how-to by reading the patent for oxycodone where they make the codeinone enol acetate in order to oxidize it to 14-oh codeinone.

Assyl Fartrate

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #21 on: November 29, 2011, 09:50:24 AM »
Sol, what you are referring to (cinnamyl halide + NaH) is the process to prepare the 14-ether. :)
Someone Who Is Me

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #22 on: January 24, 2012, 06:17:47 AM »
14-hydroxycodeinone is super easy to make from codeine and sodium dichromate.  Check out my very detailed synthesis of oxycodone on Rhodium's site.  It's at the bottom: http://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/oxycodone2.html

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #23 on: January 24, 2012, 11:30:45 PM »
oh trust me that does'nt work i looked into it found out it's rubish even had a set of lab notes at one time froms someone who tried it and got fuck-all which only confirmed my suspicions.
the only way to oxidize codiene directly to 14-oh codeinone would be MnO2 and not just any will do either it has to be prepared a certain way.

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #24 on: January 25, 2012, 01:14:17 AM »
Dang man, you're sayin' I'm lying even though I took an H-nMR and SAW the disappearance of the 6-OH peak and the appearance of the new 14-OH peak AND there's four references backing that route up? 

And I certainly don't take credit for bringing that route to light.  We can thank Lone Ranger for that, but I just  provided very detailed notes so that a person doing it for the first time would know they were on the right track.

It works and is actually really damn easy.  I don't know what else to say except I wish I still had really easy access to lots of codeine!
« Last Edit: January 25, 2012, 06:39:21 AM by Dope Amine »

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #25 on: January 25, 2012, 02:33:41 AM »
no shit can you provide yeilds?
the chemist i talked to said he could'nt get it to crystallize.
he did'nt do any spectral analysis though.
from what i read you  get  unwanted oxidation at benzylic c-10.
what were your yeilds after you recrystallized it?
« Last Edit: January 25, 2012, 03:05:24 AM by jon »

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #26 on: January 25, 2012, 07:23:12 AM »
Personally opiate crystallizations are always a bitch, but less so when ya don't have a 3 or 6 OH as in the case with this material.  My memory is foggy since this work done back in about '03 but I can tell you from my notes that I never crystallized the 14-hydroxycodeinone.  I just basified to ~12 with NH4OH, extracted with chloroform, filtered through celite, washed the pooled extracts twice with brine, rotovaped, and then rotovaped again from acetone to get rid of the remaining water.  I don't know why I didn't just dry the chloroform with sodium sulfate before rotovapping instead of doing the acetone thing but that's not really all that important.  Anyway, this material appeared fairly pure by nMR and thus good enough to go ahead onward to the next step of hydrogenation at 1 atm.  I did crystallize that final product though (oxycodone) using acetone and IPA gassed with HCl.  Overall yield was well over 80%, but that's just my best estimate. 

I've always thought that the hydrogenation could probably be done via CTH with potassium formate.  I just looked on Rhodium's site and there is a CTH from 14-hydroxycodeinone to oxycodone using Pd/C, acetic acid, and sodium hypophosphite which was done under N2.  Sounds like kind of a bitch in comparison.  I wonder why they did it that way?


Ya wanna know what synth didn't work for me was that oxycodone to oxymorphone via methane sulfonic acid and D/L methionine.  After I tried it and it didn't work, I went and looked up the actual article and found that the only difference between what I did and the article was that I combined all three and then refluxed, whereas the article states that they heated the methane sulfonic acid and oxymorphone to reflux and THEN added the methionine.  I don't see how this could matter.  Shit really pissed me off though.  Seemed like such a cake synth.  I only gave it that one shot though so who knows,  maybe I just fucked something up that time around...

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #27 on: January 25, 2012, 07:40:03 AM »
you should go straight to 14-oh codeinone esters next time propionyl is about 20 times stronger than morphine.
cinnamyl about 119.
this is very good news you just made my day!
80% yeild that's impressive i wonder why this method is'nt still in use by big pharma?
maybe the trace chromates?
esterifying oxycodone does'nt yeild as potent a product so i think that 7,8 double bond plays a role here in the conformation of that molecule.
i think sodium hypophosphite is just a better hydrogen donor than potassium formate but it still should work using potassium formate.

attached is the reichspatent for oxycodone using sodium dichromate.
anyone spraken duetch?
« Last Edit: January 27, 2012, 11:27:16 PM by jon »

Assyl Fartrate

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #28 on: February 09, 2012, 06:59:05 AM »
Hey Dope Amine, do you have any journal papers on oxidation of codeine to 14-hydroxycodeinone? Thanks.
Someone Who Is Me

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #29 on: February 21, 2012, 08:28:15 AM »
Jon put up a reference above.  So there's your reference. 

Personally, I made it a point to make my accounting of the synthesis as absolutely detailed as possible.  I also was not lying about the nMR's confirming the steps.  Follow the directions and it works super-easy, especially if you're only going to do the oxidation and then make an ester, which sounds like it's much a better route than making oxycodone or even oxymorphone.

Lemme know which ester sounds most promising with the non-hydrogenated material: cinnamoyl?  propanoyl?

Tsathoggua

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #30 on: February 21, 2012, 10:33:54 AM »
Toady was under the impression that cinnamoyl esterifications were a lot more demanding than others, and that bog standard esterifications were not enough. By that one means fischer esterifications, or the likes using 4-DMAP.
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Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #31 on: February 21, 2012, 09:25:25 PM »
Well, I think I figured out my own question.   14-cinnamoyl greatly increases potency (177x morphine).   But what if one wanted to work with 14-hydroxymorphinone?  I am not sure if there is any lit. on the action or lability of the cinnamoyl group at the 3 position of morphine or codeine.  BUT dibenzoylmophine is known and considered to be around the potency of diacetylmorphine AND 14-benzoylcodeinone is 52x morphine.  So, 3,14-dibenzoylmorphinone sounds like it holds great promise  3,14-dicinnamoylmorphinone could be even better depending on how that cinnamoyl group hydrolizes hopefully after passing the BBB, but even if it hydrolizes too readily, it's not that big of a deal. 

But then I discovered that for this case codeinone vs. morphinone doesn't really matter: "The antinociceptive activity of the cinnamoyloxycodeinones was not significantly greater than that of the morphinones".   So I guess it's time to source out some codeine, oxidize with dichromate and then hit it with cinnamoyl chloride after dissolving the oxycodeinone in pyridine (or maybe Tsathoggua is correct and one required 4-DMAP instead of regular ol' pyridine).  The only advantage to using benzoyl chloride is if you had a mixture of codeine and morphine from one's last harvest of poppies.  (I could REALLY use some help with regard to purification of said harvest!)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063885/

What's interesting relating to the naltrexone discussion is that the way they protect the  3-OH is by making the 3-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl), then later remove the group with KF.  But one could also just make the 3-Methoxy and leave it alone because it should have just about the same potency as the 3-OH when one slaps on the 14-phenylpropoxy group.  Personally, I'd need to do further reading to figure out how to only methylate the 3-hydroxy and not the 14, same goes for how to attach that 3-O-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl) group.  Doing either of these transformations plus making the 14-phenylpropoxy ether has got to be damn easy in order to be able to compete with the dichromate oxidation of codeine (super-easy) followed by acylation with cinnamoyl chloride (also super easy). 

My only real issue is that sadly it seems that naltrexone is more easily available and even cheaper than codeine.  I miss the days when I could buy a gram of codeine (Perduretas) for like $16-18.   :'(
« Last Edit: February 21, 2012, 09:28:36 PM by Dope Amine »

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #32 on: February 22, 2012, 12:53:37 AM »
i guess what assyl is driving at is that all the other journals say dichromate oxidation gives 14% oxidation at c-10 benzylic carbon.
so we think it is possible you mis-identified the product.

regarding naltrexone: molecular modeling suggests that phenylpropionic esters of naltrexone are active as agonists the cinnnamyl ester is a mixed agonist because the benzene ring is locked into a planar configuration hence it is equatorial to ring a.
the phenyl propionyl ester has an axial configuration in relation to ring a.
this would be much easier than two protection steps followed by o-alkylation of c-14.

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #33 on: February 22, 2012, 06:32:54 PM »
Here's a rough translation of the patent listed above which proves the reaction works!

"1. 20 parts codeine are housed in 80 parts of water, add 25 parts of glacial acetic acid in solution and mixed the cooled liquid with a solution of sodium dichromate in 25 parts of water. The result is an oily precipitate, which after a brief warming is solid and crystalline, the reaction mixture was slowly heated on a water bath under constant stirring to 80 ° , which dissolves the precipitate. Now, interrupt to the warming, due to a subsequent reaction, the temperature rises to about 90 °.

After standing for a short time mixture is cooled and drops off sharply to the newly formed base by addition of chromic acid solution as überschussiger(?) bichromate. The crystallized in the usual bichromate as isolated base from alcohol in leaflets from the decomposition point of 273 ° shows the properties of previously un-described friend of un Oxykodeinons spires(?).

2.  21 parts  Kodeinon are inserted in 80 parts of water, add 25 parts of glacial acetic acid brought fact in solution and then added a solution of 8 parts of sodium dichromate in 25 parts water. The further course of the reaction turns out, as indicated in Example 1. This gives a yield of 8 to 10 parts Oxykodeinon."

Basically, you can get oxycodeinone from codeine or from codeinone.   :P

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #34 on: February 22, 2012, 06:36:19 PM »
Jon, I don't understand.  Are you saying you wouldn't have to protect naltrexone's 3-OH before esterification at 14-OH with phenylpropionyl chloride or such?

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #35 on: February 23, 2012, 04:09:42 AM »
no you can make the ester and selectively de-esterify at c-3 with room temp 4% h2so4 or potassium carbonate see the supplementary here.
this example uses the 3-o protected substrate allow me to find the other examples

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063885/

The ether (2a) in vivo gave a full response in a battery of thermal antinociceptive assays with potency up to 400 times greater than morphine.7 In comparison the cinnamoyl ester has much more modest in vitro and in vivo MOR agonist activity. It must be assumed that the relative conformational restraint of the ?,?-unsaturated cinnamoyl ester prevents an optimum interaction with MOR in the preferred agonist conformation

The 14-O-cinnamoyl esters of naltrexone have predominant opioid receptor antagonist activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this regard they are similar to the equivalent 14-N-cinnamoylamino derivatives, but the latter are more potent antagonists of longer duration. Additionally the naltrexone esters (6) have similar in vivo and in vitro MOR efficacy to the corresponding codeinones (7) whereas the codeinone amides (4) have substantially higher MOR efficacy than the morphinones (5). These differences are less significant than the difference between 14-cinnamoylnaltrexone (6a) and 14-O-phenylpropylnaltrexone (2a). The greater side chain conformational freedom of the latter allows it to display very high potency in vivo MOR agonist activity.

also 6-beta naltrexamines are kappa agonists with the meta nitro cinnamyl naltrexamine being primarily mu agonist.
for structure activity study

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19253970
« Last Edit: February 23, 2012, 06:00:42 AM by jon »

Dope Amine

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #36 on: February 23, 2012, 06:48:45 AM »
Duh, aromatic esters cleave readily! (acid or base)  I should have remembered that from back when I used to try to purify black tar and I'd end up hydrolyzing it by accident!  :o
« Last Edit: February 23, 2012, 07:10:33 AM by Dope Amine »

jon

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Re: Esters of oxycodone
« Reply #37 on: February 23, 2012, 08:32:55 PM »
i used to take black tar and just treat it with activated c.
it got it to acceptable purity if i wanted it purer i would wash it with chloroform.