Author Topic: Bypassing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates  (Read 59 times)

Vesp

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Bypassing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« on: February 24, 2010, 11:45:04 PM »
While one might think to just use the simple, practical solution of buying a light bulb, or using the sun, I've decided to investigate the possibly of growing plants by feeding plants carbohydrates or other metabolize-able substances - since I don't actually have any reason to grow plants in the first place, I thought why not try something much more difficult? Also - it would allow me to grow plants inside more effectively with out the need for a decent light set-up, which I cannot afford.

I've read in a few places that some plants can benefit by being watered with a sugar solution. The idea is obvious, that the sugar present will be used by the plant, and the plant will not need to do as much photosynthesis, and will be able to grow faster. Despite how useful this might be, I haven't read of any discoveries to grow plants with out lights, or having great success with it. Obviously there are also a lot of problems with it. The problems I see are being:
  • Osmotic Pressure -- if the solution of the sugar, or other substance is to concentrated, it will obviously cause the plant cells to go flacid, and probably kill it.
  • Bacterial/Fungi problems -- this is likely to cause root rot, and other problems

While I am 80% sure I just pulled this out of thin air, it seems to me that glycerol is more resistant to fermentation and metabolism by various bacteria and fungi as compared to carbohydrates such as sucrose, glucose, etc. I guess this is sort of a link that gives me reason to believe a 5% solution of glycerol could have anti-bacterial affects...
Quote
However, at a concentration of 5%, it greatly inhibited their growth and cellulolytic activity.
-- http://www.springerlink.com/content/nw6pl58946258188/

at 5% concentration, I think it is likely the plant would die.

Out of curiosity, I just recently I prepared a very dilute solution of a fertilizer, added it to two pint jars, and then labeled and added a small amount (~10ml or so) glycerol of an unknown concentration (had been sitting out for a while) to one of the pint jars. I placed two very similiar freshly cut, easily rooted plants starts from a mother plant in the two pint jars, and placed them in the closet.  I am hoping, by watching when each plant dies, or grows fastest that this will allow me to tell if the plants can effectively utilize the glycerol as a fuel. If this is possible, I will then attempt to find out how this would be useful. Perhaps if bacteria and mold isn't a problem, like I think it will be - some amazing hydroponics could be done with little need for light. Obviously with out light, the plants will elongate and turn a yellowish color.

Anyways -- I was wondering if any of you have had similiar ideas, have references to decent experiments about adding various types of carbohydrates or other fuels to soil or solutions for increased plant growth or to allow them to live in the dark.

I was also thinking they might be able to live in a dilute acetic or citric acid solution, as they play a roll in the metabolism of glucose, and lipids. Obviously pH would be a problem here, though. Perhaps ethanol could be used as well, in dilute solutions.

Quote
In earlier experiments, Cossins and Turner (5, 7)
showed that in a variety of germinating seedlings,
previously accumulated ethanol was consumed by
the tissues, and by providing ethanol-2-C14 (6) to
pea cotyledons they were able to show extensive
conversion to a variety of products, including acetaldehyde,
acids of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and
amino acids.
In this investigation,
--- http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/reprint/38/4/375.pdf


 
Quote
3199). These last observations strongly suggest that glycerol
prevented the triggering of autophagy inducedb y
sucrose starvation in sycamore cells

and

Quote
Under these conditions,
the flow of carbon to drive cell respiration derived almost
exclusively from glycerol, andt his polyalcohol was
not used as a source of carbon skeletons for biosynthesis.
-- http://www.jbc.org/content/269/34/21420.full.pdf

as the last link points out, the glycerol does not contribute to the plants structure, and so apparently some sugar is going to be needed. :/

Know of any effective ways to "feed" a plant using a carbohydrate of some sort?

If plants can do glucogenesis with glycerol, I don't see why it wouldn't be able to be put into the structure of the plant, however. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6b/Gluconeogenesis.png

Perhaps the plant bits they had tested on just didn't want to grow at the time? :D

« Last Edit: February 26, 2010, 12:30:48 AM by Vesp »
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Vesp

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Re: By passing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #1 on: February 25, 2010, 03:41:30 AM »
Quote
Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Subdirección General de Investigación y Tecnologia, Instituto National de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra de la Coruña km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Conditions to promote dark morphogenesis and flower-ing in Arabidopsis have previously been limited to liquid cultures and to a few laboratory ecotypes. We have obtained development and flowering of Arabidopsis plants under complete darkness by growing them on vertical Petri dishes containing solid agar medium with sucrose. Under these conditions, all the ecotypes tested were able to develop, giving rise to etiolated plants that flowered after producing a certain number of leaves. Dark-grown plants showed similarities with phytochrome-deficient mutants and were different from de-etiolated or constitutive photomorphogenesis mutants such as det and cop. Late- and early-flowering ecotypes, showing large differences in flowering time and leaf number under long days, flowered with a similar number of leaves when grown in the dark. Rapid dark flowering of late-flowering ecotypes was not an effect of darkness but the result of the interaction between dark and sucrose availability at the aerial part of the plant, since sucrose also had an effect when plants were grown in the light. Gibberellin-deficient and insensitive mutants were delayed in the initiation of flowers in the dark, indicating a role for these hormones in flowering promotion in the dark. The late-flowering phenotype of mutants at different loci of the autonomous and long-day-dependent flowering induction pathways was rescued in dark growth conditions. However, the late-flowering phenotype of ft and fwa mutants was not rescued by sucrose either in the dark or in the light, suggesting a different role for these genes in flowering induction.


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t8er

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Re: By passing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #2 on: February 25, 2010, 03:57:07 AM »
very interesting vesp

this could make a great community experiment :)

im gonna do some more reading and have a bit of a play around my self i think

keep us posted on your progress

T8ER out
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Vesp

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Re: By passing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #3 on: February 25, 2010, 04:04:08 AM »
And you do the same.

Honestly, I am not sure how I should go about any experiments when it comes to this. I need to read more about it -- but it sounds like sugar can keep a plant alive long enough to grow in the dark to flower. That is great.
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t8er

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Re: By passing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #4 on: February 25, 2010, 06:23:39 AM »
yes it is very intreging.

check this out i havent had a chance to read all of it as yet

its my bday today and i have people showing up so as soon as i get a chance ill get into it my self

hxxp://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9B0DEED9103DEE32A25750C2A9659C946397D6CF
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t8er

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Re: Bypassing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #5 on: February 26, 2010, 04:44:58 PM »
Growing plants in the dark

Article by T. Galen Hieronymus, originally printed in the Journal of Borderland Research (Vol. 44, No. 3, May – June 1988)

Radiations from each of the known elements of matter produce some form of energy, probably electrons which can be made to flow along electrical conductors. The flow from each of the elements having characteristics different from the others. Conversely, the flow of electrons along a conductor produces a radiation having characteristics of the radiation from each respective element.

Such of the known elements as are required to feed growing plants have been transmitted to the plants through metallic conductors as the plants were entirely isolated from the elements upon which they were fed. More precisely, seeds were planted in boxes in a darkened basement room. One of the boxes of plants containing some of the seeds was used as a control and no apparatus for transmitting element radiations thereto provided. The remaining boxes of plants had electrodes or plates of conducting material mounted or otherwise disposed adjacent thereto, and each box of plants was separately attached to a conductor extending to a point outside the building where electrodes or plates were attached to the conductors and allowed to remain exposed to the light.

Such of the known elements as required to impart normal characteristics to the plants were apparently fed thereto by having the radiations of the elements from the light conducted to the plants through the wires and associated electrodes. The treated plants were relatively healthy but the control plant assumed the characteristics of growing vegetation which has been deprived of the elements in natural light. Particularly was the control plant devoid of chlorophyll while the remaining plants were green.

http://journal.borderlands.com/1988/growing-plants-in-the-dark/

This is a very interesting subject Vesp. I have been finding some very interesting information
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2bfrank

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Re: Bypassing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #6 on: February 26, 2010, 05:54:23 PM »
I second that this is indeed interesting/ I lack electronics, so need to dumb it down abit. I do in fact have carbon fiber cloth, that may be useful, as it conducts, and is soft and non evasive. I will go over the information. Ive always had an interest regarding the affect that sound waves, energy associated, with plants, I will go over what's been stated. I am also aware that plants, apart from the delivery system of nutrients, have similiar biochemical pathways with respect to glucose, yet storage into starch and not glycogen, but overal the similarities are very much the same. Perhaps obtaining a biochem metabolism book could be advantagieous. Its extraordinary. The complexity. I heard in fact that bacteria, can produce all their requirements from the hexose carbohydrate molecule, commonly temed glucose. EVeRYTHING IT NEEDS> Anyway, it is pleasing to see exploriation at this site.
I myself, saw a connection between molecules that make up muscles fibres, namely myosin, and actin, and how with phosphorylastion and ATP associated - the molecules bind, and slide pass one another thus causing tension, and the ability for muscle to contract, to hold such contraction. Anyway, what surprised me, was that when we cut our selves, platelets amongst other cells are attracted to the sight, and trigger these same molecules to be associated with what we call commonly  a scab. This allows this clot, this scab to stretch, which makes sense, due to movement of our physical selfs, and if the ability to stretch was not their, then the wound would re-open, every time we stretched that area of our bodies. Anyway, I saw the connection between, :What if these molecules were placed in wrinkles, and lines on the face. Would these molecules diffuse into the epethial layer of the skin. Anyway, part of my thinking, was to do some research on this area, and I found private and expensive treatments of this sort of thing, ie platelet therapies. Sort of interesting, as well as its potential for promoting skin grafts and burn treatments. I know this is not in line with VESPS thread, but just thought I'd share it nonetheless.
I very much am interested in pushing what we know of plant growth/survival in the direction of an alternative energy source. Just got to get my head aournd it more. Thanks for sharing this stuff Vesp. I LoVE this stuff.
« Last Edit: February 26, 2010, 07:19:47 PM by ziggy »

Vesp

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Re: Bypassing photosynthesis by foreign carbohydrates
« Reply #7 on: February 27, 2010, 08:23:33 PM »
Right now I have a common houseplant, that has been rooted weeks ago, than stripped of all of its roots, except for one large one, that has been shoved into a short (3 inch?) glass tube, into a one holed stopper, and is now in water. I am hoping that since its only water supply is this root, it will get larger, longer, and more established, It might eventually more or less "seal" off the glass tube or at least allow for very little air diffusion.

Once this happens in a few days, I am going to take the other end of the plant, and soak it in water as well - so this forms roots. Once I have a plant that basically has 2 root systems, I am going to put a dilute solution of sugar in one, and a dilute solution of fertilizer in the other, or perhaps planting it in dirt.

The idea of this is that a dilute solution made from distilled water and sugar isn't going to be able to have significant bacterial growth, since it will be almost completely sealed off from the air via the one holed stopper and the large root in the glass tube, little respiration can happen, and any yeast, etc that gets in it and produces ethanol should be of little threat since ethanol can also be metabolized by plants.

The root system either being of fertilizer and water should not have any fuel for bacteria to grow on, and light should be minimal for algae...
I think this would give essentially no limiting factor to the growth of the plant, and leave little room for significant problems with bacteria, molds, etc that might kill the plant.

One other thing I'd like to mention is that having an alternative fuel source for growing plants in doors should theoretically be much cheaper then using a light source of any sort (besides the sun)

According to the unreliable wikipedia, photosynthesis is only about 3 to 6 percent efficient when it comes to solar light. Considering you are paying for the electricity, that has to be produced from a light bulb that is inefficient, and that is also less effective then solar light, and also not 100% or even close to of the light produced is hitting your plant, you are not getting very good efficiency at all.  Also, the plant needs to use respiration to make anything useful of the sugar it produces... respiration IIRC is 37% efficient. I can imagine that per gram of plant or per gram of active substance of plant --  this is VERY expensive relative to the other possibility.

By giving the plant sugar- which should bypass the need for significant amounts of light, and thus a lot of inefficiencies it will be much more efficient and cheaper, considering sugar is only three or four dollars for a pound or more.
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