Forming a prodrug for both acid and mescaline would be a rediculous idea, I'm afraid.
The active dose of mescaline is at LEAST 250mg at the low end, as the hydrochloride. As the common sulfate salt, 500mg is a pretty respectable heavy dose. Just imagine how much LSD that would let loose. Quite possibly a lethal dose I would have thought, certainly a massive, psyche-shredding, soul obliterating dose that could well leave the user with PTSD afterwards.
But chimaera-like prodrugs (I refer to the mythical beast, not to the biological terminology) themselves are not bad ideas. a codeine/barbiturate salt has been done, dionine I think was the trade name, I think I've heard of some sort of prodrug dual release something or other, involving modafinil, and there are a few others out there.
Actually, 'ol toady has a bit of a project on the back burner of this nature himself. The idea, is to proceed through an isocyanate derived from 3,4-methylenedioxyphenylpropional, and react this with very, very, very carefully dried anhydrous alcohols, several will, when Tsathoggua eventually gets round to reacting his xxxxxxxx, be tested, the lead candidates are 2-methyl-butan-2-ol, and he shall have to synthesize also, some 1-ethynyl-cyclohexan-1-ol, the 1,1,1-trichloroethanol derivative sounds like it would be promising to try.
An isocyanate will react to the corresponding carbamate ester, and carbamates are often used as acid-labile protecting groups. The idea being, that in his country, the misuse of drugs act covers specific compounds, occasionally with rather poorly written attempts at catch-all clauses for fentanyls, some psychedelics etc, but does not have an analog act. So this will bypass ever possessing MDA (and the alcohols are themselves unscheduled), here, having a drug in one's body doesn't constitute a criminal offense, only possession or supply. Not only that, but to use an alcohol with a roughly equal potency, or at least, not much less potent, or if possible, more so by a bit, the result would be cleavage in the acidic environment of the stomach, to, for instance, chloral and MDA, relatively slowly compared to the instant availability of MDA itself as is, leading to a smooth, easy come-up, and the alcohol part of the prodrug taking the overstimulating edge off the MDxx and polishing it up a bit, making it nice and relaxing.
What the potential for acidic hydrolysis in the stomach is, depends entirely on what the prodrug is, I.e the nature of the bonding moiety, some, such as acyl esters will be reasonably prone to it, others, for instance, an ether would be less so, and some, such as your friendly(maybe) neighbourhood amphibious extradimensional demon lord's carbamate amphetamine prodrug series will actually bee entirely dependent upon such protonolytic cleavage.
Remember-for a prodrug to work, it MUST be decomposable, not nescessarily in the stomach, but it has to happen somewhere, or else it won't be a prodrug, but just a big bulky molecule that is two drugs stuck together, where they can't go ahead and bind to their respective receptors.
You want the two drugs to be taped or glued together, not welded.
You say peptide coupling techniques to circumvent precursor regulation has beecome more common? please do tell of this, Tsathoggua is most interested, given his proclivities here, he is under the impression, that his idea for coupling the *********-isocyanate with various highly potent alcohol GABA agonists is completely novel, not the idea of prodrugs, but this set in particular.
Its all about tweaking pharmacokinetics really, thats what everything boils down to (and of course, pulling one's fly down and waving one's cock in the eyes of the plod). Look up picamilon, as has been stated, and lysdexamphetamine for some background reading and inspiration. There are a fair few chloral hydrate prodrugs also, but these, like the parent drug are pretty antiquated, and I would be quite surprised if they are still in use.