Author Topic: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.  (Read 134 times)

Vesp

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Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« on: February 25, 2010, 11:40:51 PM »
It might be well known to some that salicylic acid is a plant growth regulator, and if used properly will increase root, foliage and fruit growth of plants.

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Aqueous solutions of SA, applied as a spray to the shoots of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Cajeme), significantly increased the growth of shoots and roots as measured after seven days of treatment. Shoot spraying of SA had no significant effect on photosynthetic rate. Growth increases were obtained in plants cultivated either in the greenhouse or in the field; SA-induced increases in root growth of up to 100% were measured in the field.
-- http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VRD-3W292CP-28&_user=10&_coverDate=08%2F31%2F1998&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1223007067&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=99b317d10df99ade07f9800db2e20466


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This study was conducted to determine the effect of foliar salicylic acid (SA) applications on fruit quality, growth and yield of tomato under greenhouse conditions in 2006 and 2007. In the study, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit weight, fruit number per plant, Vitamin C, pH, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), stem diameter, leaf dry matter ratio, chlorophyll content, early yield and total yield were determined. Tomato plants were treated with foliar SA applications at different concentrations (0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mM). SA was applied with spraying four times during the vegetation at 10-day intervals two weeks after planting. In the study, it was determined that foliar applications of SA showed positive effect on some fruit characteristics, plant growth, chlorophyll content in leaves, early yield and total yield. SA treatments had no effect on pH, AA and TA of tomato. Total soluble solids (TSS) increased with foliar SA applications. The greatest stem diameter, leaf dry matter and chlorophyll content were obtained from 0.50 mM SA treatment. SA treatments increased the early yield of tomato compared to the control. The yield of tomato was significantly influenced by foliar SA applications. The highest yield occurred in 0.50 mM SA treatment.According to our results, applications of 0.50 mM SA should be recommended in order to improve yield.
-- http://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=807_56

Out of curiosity, I've sprayed some of my current plants with a dilute solution of acetylsalicylic acid ~.5mM -- which i figure will hydrolyze into salicylic acid soon enough.

If I did the math correctly, for 1 liter, .5mM of acetylsalicylic acid is 1/4 an aspirin. If this works very well, this could be a applied to plants such as tobacco, cannabis, etc for very cheap, considering a gallon of the solution, which is misted on the leaves would only be about one aspirin.

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Sedit

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #1 on: February 26, 2010, 02:43:56 PM »
Been doing this for years go figure. Never knew exactly why but its something my aunt got me doing when I was younger. Take an asprin tablet and push it in by the root of the plant. Kind of cool that there was a reason for it. Lemme tell ya you take this persons word as gold when you see the plants they produce as well. Never large scale operation or nothing but when they had a plant it was cared for like a mother cares for its baby.
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Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #2 on: February 27, 2010, 08:26:16 PM »
Interesting that a lot of people know about this method. I hope it works as well as the papers have lead me to believe -- esp. when it comes to the concentration of being something of only an aspirin per gallon. An entire bottle of aspirin I can imagine could produce one hell of a garden. :D

Also -- since it increases the chlorophyll content,  it is likely to make any light source more effective. But also might prove to be useful in treating plants that have turned yellow due to lack of light.
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Naf1

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #3 on: February 28, 2010, 10:32:35 PM »
You may also be interested in Gibberellins;

Gibberellins - Plant Growth Hormones
The power of gibberellins to accelerate growth, and to induce or promote flowering, continues to fascinate both amateur botanists and commercial flower growers. One gibberellin is gibberellic acid, a natural hormone that can be readily extracted from common plants.
http://www.hydroponics.com.au/php/viewtopic.php?t=14

Extraction technique in link above.

I noted that because gibberellins are exclusively responsible for regulating plant growth, so internode spacing, how tall the plant gets are regulated by gibberellins. And you can add an excess which has the opposite effect, so if a plant decides to "bolt" because it has no light this would be a good way to counteract that! It also is needed for green leaves.

Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #4 on: February 28, 2010, 10:40:55 PM »
Interesting. That information is useful so I am going to post it here, so that it may be found later on more easily. I've looked into doing that before, but never found anything.


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Extracting Gibberellic Acid
Although several types of gibberellin are found in plants as natural hormones, Gibberellic Acid (GA-3) is the best known. While it is a natural product of the Asian fungus that destroys rice, growth-promoting substances that are either identical with, or closely related to, gibberellic acid can also be found in common plants such as cucumber, rock melon (cantaloupe), corn, peas and beans, and it can be readily extracted in crude form by amateur botanist.

Edward Pinto, a student at St Peter's Preparatory School in Jersey City, developed a simple and inexpensive procedure for extracting gibberellic acid from common plants, which was reported in American Scientific ( August 1967). As sources of materials, he used the seeds of fresh cantaloupe (rockmelon), fresh wild cucumber, and the dry seeds of corn, peas and three species of bean - pencil rod, lupine and pinto. The cantaloupe and cucumber seeds were dried at room temperature and chopped into particles about 3mm in diameter. The procedure used 200 grams of finely chopped seeds which were soaked for seven days in a solution of acetone (10 parts by volume), isopropyl alcohol (5 parts), ethyl alcohol (2 parts), and distilled water (5 parts), to give a total volume of 110 millilitres. The solution was then poured off and the seed particles rinsed with 40 millilitres of a solution consisting of equal parts of acetone and isopropyl alcohol. The rinsing solution was then added to the first solution, and heated to a temperature of 45°C (113°F)

WARNING: it should be noted that the solution is highly flammable and must not be exposed to an open flame. The heating procedure was continued until the residue evaporated to the consistency of thin tar and was almost dry. The residue was then taken and mixed with 100 millilitres of distilled water and ethyl acetate.

According to Pinto, a key factor to extracting gibberellic acid is to raise the pH of the water to about pH8 (slightly alkaline) - at this pH the gibberellins are soluble in water. The pH was achieved by adding potassium hydroxide, or concentrated pH lower to the solution. The mixture was then shaken for two minutes, and the water drawn off and mixed with another 100 millilitres of ethyl acetate. This procedure was carried out a total of three times.

Now the water was made acidic (pH3) by the addition of hydrochloric acid - at this pH the gibberellins are soluble in ethyl acetate. The solution of acidic water was added to 100 millilitres of ethyl acetate. The water was drawn off and the procedure repeated twice more, after which the ethyl acetate solution was dried to a paste. The tarlike mass was then mixed with about 8 grams of lanolin. The lanolin paste is the final product, and it is applied to plants as a thin coat to the upper surface of each mature leaf, taking care not to damage the plant.



That is interesting, I knew it decreased growth if to much was used, or if it became resistant. Do you think it would still produce increased amounts of chlorophyll at such concentrations? If it did - that would be great! Allowing for a small green plant to grow in the dark would be epic. Though, perhaps not SUPER practical.

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When gibberellic acid is sprayed on gardenia or geranium flowers, there is a 25% -50% increase in flower size.
-- That sounds really useful if one ever needed to have a plant with larger buds then normal ;)



PS... Why such a weird combination of solvents? Why not just acetone, or IPA?
« Last Edit: February 28, 2010, 11:03:24 PM by Vesp »
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Naf1

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #5 on: February 28, 2010, 11:09:13 PM »
You would imagine products like;



Bud Swell, Bug Bud, Bud Booster and all the other numerous bud boosting products on the market would contain some. The problem with cannabis is THC is theorized to be produced by the plant as a type of endogenous sunscreen, so you would need to regulate the biosynthesis of THC as well as the many other functions the plant needs, you would have to maybe simulate (make the plant think it was under extreme light) somehow.

Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #6 on: February 28, 2010, 11:18:50 PM »
Ooh figures they have that product out there already!
UV light might do it... get a halogen lamp and take off the UV filter, burn it up a bit. I don't know.

Anyways, it seems like salicylic acid, and other plant growth hormones such as gibberlic acid is easy to get. 2,4-D is known as a poison, but in lower concentrations I bet it can be substituted for IAA, and other auxins. This would allow one to make very effective rooting solutions to root plants such as Roses, Sida Cordifolia, and probably any other plant -- I'm not to sure what determines if they can or cannot be rooted.

An infusion of willow branches also apparently makes a decent rooting solution.

So, I guess now we just need to find a way to extract cytokinins from some cheap plant source - I'd imagine most seeds would have these in decent quantities, right? Coconut milk does, but I don't see why they would, and other seeds wouldn't.


« Last Edit: February 28, 2010, 11:24:45 PM by Vesp »
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Naf1

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #7 on: February 28, 2010, 11:41:58 PM »
I just assumed thats was in there, I know there are fertilizers on the market now that contain all the aforementioned compounds.
http://www.agrares.com/en/gibberellin-gibberellins-auxins-cytokinins-plant-growth/phytohormones_gibberellins_auxins_cytokinins_fruit_growing.htm

The UV lamp on for short intervals during the day would be enough to trigger that sunscreen reaction one would imagine.

The extraction techniques from commonly available plants seems to be making a crude ethanolic extract, then running that through a column of cation exchange resin. Other methods involve electrophoresis and conventional chromatography.

Influences of Enviromental, Hormonal and nutritional factors on Potato Tuberization in vitro
http://mitochon.gs.dna.affrc.go.jp:81/csdb/jc/jc52/52582.pdf

oatmeel

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #8 on: March 09, 2010, 05:34:32 AM »
Does anyone know if the amount of flowering (speed? size?) affects the size of Poppy pods, or the morphine content? I imagine the benefits to root systems and foliage both benefit the plant, but I'm curious if there are any quantitative increases in desirable compounds from poppy plants.

Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #9 on: March 09, 2010, 06:13:48 AM »
Not sure if SA would work for that -- but I am certain their is a way to increase poppy pod and morphine content one way or another. Perhaps by hormones, inducing polyploidy, or perhaps even some bastardized version of girlding?
If you find any information about it, please let me know, it looks very interesting. What methods do you think would work the best?
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Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #10 on: April 16, 2010, 04:56:59 AM »
http://books.google.com/books?id=AxUhFMcwSrMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=SALICYLIC+ACID+-+A+Plant+Hormone&hl=en&ei=qOvHS9WqBY_esgP3mo2YCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CEAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false

The more I look into it, the more like salicylic acid seems to be the best thing to ever happen to plants. Bigger roots, more fruit, more leaves, more flowers, more everything!
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Naf1

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #11 on: April 16, 2010, 05:56:42 AM »
Great if you have some willow bark to soak in in your watering can, what about acetyl salicylic acid for those that dont?

"If you find any information about it, please let me know, it looks very interesting. What methods do you think would work the best?"

Apparently this is all the rage nowadays, the first abstract says it best by using different means to modulate the expression of certain genes that control alkaloid biosynthesis you will get the best results. It works for cannabis also, but all the patents are strictly aimed at papaver somniferum. And the success Tas Alk has had at increasing potency it is well worth it!;

Modulating alkaloid biosynthesis
United States Patent Application 20070199090

Materials and methods for modulating expression of nucleic acid sequences of interest, e.g., nucleic acid sequences involved in alkaloid biosynthesis, are disclosed. For example, plants and plant cells containing a regulatory protein that can modulate expression of a gene(s), such as an alkaloid biosynthesis gene(s), are disclosed.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0199090.html

Modulating plant alkaloids
United States Patent Application 20060195934

Materials and methods are provided for identifying regulatory region-regulatory protein associations and modulating expression of a sequence of interest. For example, a plant cell is provided containing a regulatory protein that can modulate expression of one or more genes involved in alkaloid biosynthesis in plants, which, in turn, can modulate the amount and/or rate of biosynthesis of one or more alkaloid compounds.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2006/0195934.html

Modulation of Alkaloid Siosynthesis in Plants and Plants Having Altered Alkaloid Biosynthesis
 United States Patent Application 20080196123

The invention relates to a method for altering alkaloid biosynthesis in a plant, comprising: i) introducing into cells of a plant, an expressible exogenous nucleic acid comprising or consisting of an (S)-N-methylcoclaurine 3?-hydroxylase gene (cyp80b) or a derivative thereof, and ii) optionally propagating the plant, wherein expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in the plant or in its progeny results in altered levels of alkaloid biosynthesis.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2008/0196123.html

Codeinone reductase from alkaloid poppy
United States Patent 7193127

The present invention concerns codeinone reductase from alkaloid poppy plants, the polynucleotides encoding the enzyme, transgenic plants transformed or transfected with polynucleotide(s) encoding codeinone reductase and to the production of alkaloids from transformed or transfected poppy plants.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7193127.html


Here is how Tasmaniam Alkaloids went about producing high potency thebaine poppies;

Papaver somniferum strain with high concentration of thebaine and oripavine
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6067749.html

« Last Edit: April 16, 2010, 06:38:22 AM by Naf1 »

Vesp

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Re: Salicylic Acid - A plant growth regulator.
« Reply #12 on: April 21, 2010, 08:06:17 PM »
Very nice! Once I get the time to read them all I'll try to comment more on it, but for this

 
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Very nice! Once I get the time to read them all I'll try to comment more on it, but for this:

Seeing how the concentrations are so low -- wouldn't dissolving an aspirin in a large amount of water, as one would do to prepare the solution, had it been salicylic acid, and leaving it to sit for several days result in it hydrolyzing to yield salicylic acid and an insignificant amount of acetic acid?

If not, acne pads, have an alcohol solution with a 2% salicylic acid content. I think that ethyl salicylate might be more effective, and one might even need less of it -- it is more lipid soluble, and might be able to absorb more easily into the plants.



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