Requested by no1uno

The research of ultraviolet detection by using CCD[/b]
Kun Zhang, Xiang-jun Wang, Guang-jun Zhang and Ke-cong Ai
Proc. SPIE[/color]
7384, 738426 (2009)
DOI: 10.1117/12.835900



Characterization of PVD Lumogen films for wavelength conversion applications
A. Deslandes, Steven R. Clarke, J. G. Matisons, Jamie S. Quinton and A. B. Wedding
Proc. SPIE[/color]
5649, 616 (2005)
DOI: 10.1117/12.582244

Request by Enkidu



Current awareness of piperazines: pharmacology and toxicology
Simon Elliott
Drug Testing and Analysis "Special Issue: New Psychoactive Substances"
2011, Volume 3, Issue 7-8, pages 430–438
DOI: 10.1002/dta.307


Abstract

Although many piperazine derivatives exist, only a limited number have been studied, whereby they have been found to be generally stimulant in nature resulting from dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and predominantly serotoninergic effects in the brain. Reported toxic effects include agitation, anxiety, cardiac symptoms (e.g. tachycardia) and sometimes seizures. As for many drugs, they are primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 with subsequent possible glucuronidation and/or sulfation. Their abuse has been relatively recently observed in the last decade with only a few identified in biological fluid (primarily 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (3-TFMPP)) despite publications of a number of analytical methods. Even when detected, however, the toxicological significance of their presence is often difficult to ascertain as many cases involve other drugs as well as a wide and overlapping range of concentrations found in blood (both in life and after death). This paper reviews the current pharmacological and toxicological information for piperazine derivatives and also includes new ante-mortem and post-mortem blood data




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Cathinone derivatives: A review of their chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology
John P. Kelly
Drug Testing and Analysis "Special Issue: New Psychoactive Substances
2011, Volume 3, Issue 7-8, pages 439–453
DOI: 10.1002/dta.313



Abstract

The purpose of this review is to evaluate what is currently known about the pharmacology of cathinone derivatives. Cathinone is the principal active constituent of khat responsible for the stimulant effects that have led khat to be known as a ‘natural amphetamine’. Synthetic derivatives have been abused for their amphetamine-like stimulant effects, most notably methylone, methcathinone (ephedrone), and 4-methlymethcathinone (mephedrone). To date, cathinone and methcathinone have been studied most, demonstrating amphetamine-like effects in a range of in vitro and in vivo investigations, albeit less potently than amphetamines. In humans, cathinone derivatives are usually administered orally, and in some cases by insufflation. Methcathinone has a longer history of abuse, being produced from readily available starting materials, and administered by injection. Mephedrone has become the best publicised cathinone derivative, amid considerable media and public concern about its legal status, its ready availability, and reports of serious toxicity and deaths following its use. As a consequence, there has been a clampdown on cathinone derivatives, dramatically changing their legal status in a number of countries. However, little objective evidence-based comparative experiments have been conducted to date between these compounds and their related amphetamines in order to make clear risk judgements. Such assessments have largely been predictive in nature, based on their structural similarity to amphetamines. It can be assumed that, despite their illegal status, cathinone-related compounds will continue to be prevalent drugs of abuse for the foreseeable future.



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The pharmacology and toxicology of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone)
Paul I. Dargan, Roumen Sedefov
Drug Testing and Analysis "Special Issue: New Psychoactive Substances
2011, Volume 3, Issue 7-8, pages 454–463
DOI: 10.1002/dta.312



Abstract

Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) is a synthetic cathinone that is used as a recreational drug. It has been available since 2007 but its availability and use increased significantly during 2009 and 2010. In this review article we will summarize the available literature on the sources, availability, and prevalence of the use of mephedrone. We will also discuss the pharmacology of mephedrone, the patterns of acute toxicity associated with its use, the reports of fatalities associated with its use, and the potential for mephedrone dependence.




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Aminoindanes—the next wave of ‘legal highs’?
P.D. Sainsbury, A.T. Kicman
Drug Testing and Analysis "Special Issue: New Psychoactive Substances
2011, Volume 3, Issue 7-8, pages 479–482
DOI: 10.1002/dta.318


Abstract

Due to its closed ring system, 2-aminoindane is a conformationally rigid analogue of amphetamine. Internet websites offering synthetic compounds as ‘research chemicals’ have recently been advertising 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI), 5, 6-methylenedioxy-N-methyl-2-aminoindane (MDMAI), 5-iodo-2-aminoindane (5-IAI), and 5-methoxy-6-methyl-2-aminoindane (MMAI). The chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicological aspects of this new class of psychoactive substances are reviewed, as these could become the next wave of ‘legal highs’

Alexander McKillop and Jonathan A. Tarbin
Functional group oxidation using sodium perborate
Tetrahedron
Volume 43, Issue 8, 1987, Pages 1753-1758
doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81484-8
hxxp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402001814848

Thanks in advance.

.....not able to secure this study but here are a few subsequent studies by the same author...java

Requested by EverlastingReign


Chronic Parkinsonism Secondary to Intranasal Administration of a
Product of Meperidine-Analogue Synthesis
N Engl J Med
1984; 310:325, February 2, 1984

Requested by dream0n


Self-double-emulsifying drug delivery system (SDEDDS): A new way for oral delivery of drugs with high solubility and low permeability
Xiaole Qi, Lishuang Wang, Jiabi Zhu, Zhenyi Hu, Jie Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
16 May 2011, Volume 409, Issues 1-2,  Pages 245-251
doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.047

Requested by dingbow


Synthesis of Methyl-1-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate via a Hofmann Rearrangement Utilizing Trichloroisocyanuric Acid as an Oxidant
Zackary D. Crane*, Paul J. Nichols,
J. Org. Chem.
2011, 76 (1), pp 277–280
DOI: 10.1021/jo101504e



A Solvent-Free and Formalin-Free Eschweiler—Clarke Methylation for Amines.
Thomas Rosenau,1 Antje Potthast,
SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS
2002, 32(3), 457–465


Direct mono-N-alkylation of amines in ionic liquids: chemoselectivity and reactivity
Cinzia Chiappe and Daniela Pieraccini
Green Chem.,
2003, 5, 193-197
DOI: 10.1039/B211340F



Gallium metal mediated allylation of carbonyl compounds and imines under solvent-free conditions
Philip C Andrewsa,Anna C Peatta
Tetrahedron Letters
2004, Volume 45, Issue 2,  Pages 243-248
doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.10.188


Please use request format given at beginning of thread

Requested by dingbow




The oxidation of cinnamaldehyde with alkaline hydrogen peroxide
Philip Wright, John Abbot
International Journal of Chemical Kinetics
1993, Volume 25, Issue 11, pages 901–911
DOI: 10.1002/kin.550251104




A new and specific method for the monomethylation of primary amines
José Barluenga, Ana M. Bayón and Gregorio Asensio
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications
1984, issue 20, 1334-1335
DOI: 10.1039/C39840001334

Requested by dingbow


Action of Mineral Acids on Primary Nitroparaffins
S. B. Lippincott, H. B. Hass
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry
1939, 31 (1), pp 118–120
DOI: 10.1021/ie50349a025


Convenient and economical procedures have been developed for the preparation of acetic, propionic, butyric, and isobutyric acids in good yields from the corresponding primary nitroparaffins by refluxing them with 85 per cent sulfuric acid. Hydroxylamine acid sulfate is a by-product of the reaction. Propionohydroxamic acid has been prepared from 1-nitropropane and concentrated sulfuric acid in fair yield.

Requested by dream0n


A simple and practical synthesis of olivetol
Antonio Focella, Sidney Teitel, Arnold Brossi
J. Org. Chem., 1977, 42 (21), pp 3456–3457
DOI: 10.1021/jo00441a036
Publication Date: October 1977

The Electrolytic Reduction of Salicylic and Acetylsalicylic Acids to the Corresponsding Aldehydes

James A. May & Kenneth A. Kobe

J. Electrochem. Soc.
Vol.97(5) 1950 pp.183-189
DOI: 10.1149/1.2777989

Abstract

The electrolytic method for reducing salicyclic acid to salicylaldehyde has been reinvestigated, and the apparatus and procedure recommended by Tesh and Lowy has been used as a standard with which to compare new evidence. Sodium bisulfite was used for fixation of the aldehyde and a 15°–18°C reaction temperature was maintained.The results of Tesh and Lowy, which have been questioned by some investigators, were substantiated. The necessity for using boric acid in the catholyte was shown and the possibility of using a different type of apparatus was demonstrated.The method has been applied to acetylsalicylic acid to produce acetylsalicylaldehyde in 25 to 30 per cent yield.

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Studies on the Occurrence of Hydrogen Transfer, 45. - Electroreduction of Aromatic Carboxylic Acid Esters

Electroreduction of the benzoates 1 in alcohols at a mercury electrode using quaternary ammonium salts as supporting electrolyte results in a mixture of ring-hydrogenated products and benzyl alcohol (Table 3). In the presence of acetic acid, however, ring hydrogenation is completely suppressed, and benzyl alcohol 3 is obtained in ca. 70% yield, with ca. 30% 1,2-diphenylethylene glycol (9), the hydrodimer (Table 4). Phenyl benzoate (2h) is reduced practically quantitatively to benzyl alcohol 3. Ring substituents in the benzoic acid (compounds 2a-i) do not alter the above results when acetic acid is present (Table , nor does the use of cadmium or lead as electrode material, although tin is not suitable (Table 6). Phenyl aliphatic carboxylates 25a-d can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols 25, 26 and27 in 30–40% yield under controlled conditions (Table 9), as can the thiocarboxylic S-esters (Table 10). The yields of alcohols are reduced b y ethanolysis of the starting esters. unactivated aliphatic aliphatic esters, e. g. methyl caproate (39), can be electroreduced in dry ethylenediamine or hexamethylphosphoric triamide to octanol (26c) in 30–50% yield. - Attempts to stop the electroreduction of carboxylic esters at the aldehyde stage were unsuccessful on a preparative scale (Figure 7). Similary, 2-phenylimidazoline (29) is not a suitable substrate, 2-phenylimidazolidine (30), the benzylamine derivative 31, and the hydrodimer being produced respectively, the latter yielding benzil on hydrolysis. - The dimethyl esters 11 and 14 of terephthalic and isophthalic acids can be selectively reduced in the presence of acetic acid to the corresponding methyl hydroxymethylbenzoates 12 and 15; with a more negative potential the diols are produced. In the reduction of dimethyl o-phthalate (17), ring-hydrogenated products accompany the well known product pattern for this reduction (Figure 6).- Dimethyl 2,2?-diphenate(21) can be reduced under certain conditions to 2,2?-biphenyldiyldimethanol (22; 60%) and 9,10-diol (24). - The customary electrochemical measurements were performed and the results correlated with other data in an effort to clarify the reaction mechanism.