Silica gel induced isomerisation of aldoximes to amides: A general method
J. B. Chattopadhyaya and A. V. Rama Rao
Tetrahedron Volume 30, Issue 16, 1974, Pages 2899-2900
doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)97462-9

Synthesen mit Dicarbonsäuren, V. Mitteil.: Über die Darstellung von -Nitro- und -Aminomonocarbonsäuren aus 7alpha;-Brom-dicarbonsäuren
Wilhelm Treibs, Heinz Reinheckel, V. Mitteil.: W. Treibs & u. R. Mayer
Chemische Berichte
1954, Volume 87 Issue 3, Pages 341 - 345
10.1002/cber.19540870309



Abstract
Durch Übertragung der Kolbeschen Nitroalkan-Synthese auf Dicarbonsäuren wurden -Nitro- und -Amino-carbonsäuren erhalten.


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Chemie und Technologie der Nitroalkane
Dr. O. von Schick
Angewandte Chemie
1950, Volume 62, Issue 23-24, Pages 547 - 556
doi.10.1002/ange.19500622302



Abstract
Nitroalkane können seit einigen Jahren bequem technisch hergestellt werden und haben damit an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Darstellung, Reinigung, Eigenschaften und Anwendung der Nitroalkane, Nitroalkene, ihrer Derivate und wichtigsten Umsetzungsprodukte werden mitgeteilt.
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Note: comment by post requestee

Fishing, 'Koelbeschen Nitralkan-Synthese' caught my eye considering the terms included 'Kolbe+nitroalkan+Auger'

Synthesis in the tropane class of alkaloids. Pseudotropine and dl-cocaine

Joseph J. Tufariello, George B. Mullen, John J. Tegeler, Eugene J. Trybulski, Shing Chun Wong, S. Asrof Ali

Journal of the American Chemical Society
1979, 101  (9), pp 2435–2442
DOI: 10.1021/ja00503a033

Abstract

A nitrone-based entry into the tropane class of alkaloids is described. Syntheses of pseudotropine and dl-cocaine are discussed. The synthetic utility and the high degree of regiochernical and stereochemical control inherent in the nitrone cycloadditions are stressed.

Laboratory Method for the Preparation of Organic Acid Anhydrides

Jehuda Orshansky and Eliahu Bograchov
Chemistry & Industry
1944, p. 382

Abstract

In the various methods for the production of acetic anhydride, alkali acetate is subjected to interaction with chlorine and sulphur. These elements are either introduced separately or part of the chlorine is is beforehand combined with sulphur to sulphur chloride, and the balance of the chlorine introduced in the reaction mixture in the gaseous form. These methods have, however, proved too cumbersome for laboratory purposes.

NB: Found by Polverone - I've edited the quote to reflect the actual reference. It should have been 1944, not 1945 as the Rhodium archive claimed.

As Rice, et al, have given us a concise, simple as shit route to 8-bromomorphide (in Small's nomenclature b-bromomorphide) the following might be useful

]The Catalytic Hydrogenation of the Halogenomorphides: Dihydrodesoxymorphine-D
Lyndon F. Small, Kechee C. Yuen, Louis K. Eilers
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1933, 55 (9), pp 3863–3870
DOI: 10.1021/ja01336a073



Abstract
In a previous paper from this Laboratory it was shown that the catalytic hydrogenation of the halogenocodides yielded, according to the conditions, varying amounts of three hydrogenated desoxycodeine derivatives. By empirical selection of the proper catalyst and solvent, it was possible to direct the hydrogenation in such a way that the non-phenolic dihydrodesoxycodeine-D (IV) was the principal product obtained from any of the four known halogenocodides. Dihydrodesoxycodeine-D, and its unsaturated analog, desoxycodeine-C (II), in both of which the 4,5-ether bridge is still intact, are of particular interest pharmacologically, since they differ structurally from certain codeine derivatives (dihydrocodeine and pseudocodeine, respectively) only in having a hydrogen atom in place of the alcoholic hydroxyl of the codeine series. The demethylated analog of desoxycodeine-C, namely, desoxymorphine-C (I), which may be regarded as a derivative of y-isomorphine, has already been described, and has been found extraordinarily active in the animal body. With the view of preparing a dihydrodesoxymorphine of the dihydrodesoxycodeine-D type, corresponding in fundamental structure to dihydromorphine (Paramorfan), the catalytic hydrogenation of the halogenomorphides has been investigated.

These look like they may hold some interesting information (then perhaps not), they at least seem to involve the extract of AcOH (and the purification thereof) from vinegar, hopefully they do so using a simple, amateur friendly approach (although the use of a simple basic exchange resin would do a wonderful job). I'm hoping for solvent extraction from the aqueous solution, that would be highly scaleable and super-simple, plus it would open up a real route to GAA for those of us who are chemically challenged;

2H NMR and 13C-IRMS analyses of acetic acid from vinegar, 18O-IRMS analysis of water in vinegar: International collaborative study report
Freddy Thomas and Eric Jamin
Analytica Chimica Acta
[2009, Vol.649(1) , pp.98-105 [/i]
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.07.014



Abstract
An international collaborative study of isotopic methods applied to control the authenticity of vinegar was organized in order to support the recognition of these procedures as official methods. The determination of the 2H/1H ratio of the methyl site of acetic acid by SNIF–NMR (site-specific natural isotopic fractionation–nuclear magnetic resonance) and the determination of the 13C/12C ratio, by IRMS (isotope ratio mass spectrometry) provide complementary information to characterize the botanical origin of acetic acid and to detect adulterations of vinegar using synthetic acetic acid. Both methods use the same initial steps to recover pure acetic acid from vinegar. In the case of wine vinegar, the determination of the 18O/16O ratio of water by IRMS allows to differentiate wine vinegar from vinegars made from dried grapes. The same set of vinegar samples was used to validate these three determinations.

The precision parameters of the method for measuring ?13C (carbon isotopic deviation) were found to be similar to the values previously obtained for similar methods applied to wine ethanol or sugars extracted from fruit juices: the average repeatability (r) was 0.45 ‰, and the average reproducibility (R) was 0.91‰. As expected from previous in-house study of the uncertainties, the precision parameters of the method for measuring the 2H/1H ratio of the methyl site were found to be slightly higher than the values previously obtained for similar methods applied to wine ethanol or fermentation ethanol in fruit juices: the average repeatability was 1.34 ppm, and the average reproducibility was 1.62 ppm. This precision is still significantly smaller than the differences between various acetic acid sources (?13C and ?18O) and allows a satisfactory discrimination of vinegar types. The precision parameters of the method for measuring ?18O were found to be similar to the values previously obtained for other methods applied to wine and fruit juices: the average repeatability was 0.15‰, and the average reproducibility was 0.59‰. The above values are proposed as repeatability and reproducibility limits in the current state of the art.

On the basis of this satisfactory inter-laboratory precision and on the accuracy demonstrated by a spiking experiment, the authors recommend the adoption of the three isotopic determinations included in this study as official methods for controlling the authenticity of vinegar.




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Carbon isotopic fractionations associated with acetic acid production by Acetobacter suboxydans
Gianfranco Rinaldi, W. G. Meinschein and J. M. Hayes
Biological Mass Spectrometry
[1974]Volume 1 Issue 6,  pp.412-414[/i]
DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200010608



Abstract
Acetobacter suboxydans, strain 8.3, was grown using ethanol, made by the hydration of ethylene, as the sole energy source. After the microorganism had oxidized some of the ethanol to acetic acid, the unassimilated alcohol and produced acetic acid were isolated from the supernatant. Carbon isotopic analyses of these compounds and the starting ethanol show: (1) the methyl carbon of the starting alcohol is enriched in carbon-13 by 4.6% relative to the hydroxyl carbon, (2) the starting alcohol contains 2% less carbon-13 than the unassimilated ethanol and (3) the carboxyl carbon of the acetic acid excreted by the A. suboxydans is enriched by 3.8% in carbon-13 relative to the methyl carbon. These results support earlier findings which indicate that organisms preferentially utilize compounds enriched in carbon-12 and tend to concentrate carbon-12 in the reduced carbons relative to the oxidized carbons of metabolic products.

REACTIONS OF VANILLIN AND ITS DERIVED COMPOUNDS.
XII.1 BENZYL METHYL KETONES DERIVED FROM VANILLIN AND ITS RELATED COMPOUNDS
IRWIN A. PEARL, DONALD L. BEYER
J. Org. Chem.
1951, 16 (2), pp 221–224
DOI: 10.1021/jo01142a009

There is a format to follow when making requests......see first post in the wanted references thread...

`Here is a thread regarding your inquiry ....nothing else can be done till you give us the doi, and other pertanent info.....java

http://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/2889976

Hello all,

I am looking for any and all chemistry set manuals from the 1920's to the 1960's. Examples would be "Gilbert chemistry sets", "Porter chemical Co., Chemcraft chemistry sets", and etc.. If you have any you can scan to pdf or even jpg copies that would be great. There should be many of these around you would think as thousands of these sets where sold. Please let me know or just post them here.

Also if anyone every comes across any of the these old articles, papers, digests, and etc. again please let me know.
http://www.sas.org/E-Bulletin/2002-07-12/features/features.html

Thanks, the Alchemist.....

Asymmetric syntheses with amino acids

Jurgen Martens

Topics in Current Chemistry
Stereochemistry, Vol.125 (1984) pp.165-246
DOI: 10.1007/3-540-13569-3_5

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
   1.1  Why Asymmetric Syntheses? Definition
   1.2  Commercial Significance of Amino Acids

2. Induction of Asymmetry by Catalytic Amounts of Amino Acids or their Derivatives
   2.1 Homogenous Asymmetric Hydrogenation
       2.1.1  Preparation of the Catalysts
       2.1.2  Homogenous Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=C Double Bonds
       2.1.3  Homogenous Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=O Double Bonds
   2.2 Hetrogeneous Asymmetric Hydrogenation
   2.3 Electrochemical Asymmetric Syntheses
   2.4 Enantioselective Hydrogenation
   2.5 Asymmetric Aldol Addition
   2.6 Asymmetric Grignard Cross-coupling Catalyzed by Chiral Phosphine-Nickel Complexes
   2.7 Asymmetric Cyanohydrin Syntheses
   2.8 Enantioselective Epoxidations
   2.9 Enantioselective Michael-Addition of Thiols to 2-Cyclohexen-1-one

3. Stoichiometric Asymmetric Syntheses
   3.1 Hydrogenations
       3.1.1 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=C Double Bonds
       3.1.2 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=O Double Bonds
       3.1.3 Asymmetric Hydrogenation of C=N Double Bonds
   3.2 CC Bond Formation
       3.2.1 Reactions at the Carbonyl Group
       3.2.2 Reactions at the a-Carbon Atom of Carbonyl Groups
       3.2.3 Reactions at the B-Carbon Atom of Carbonyl Groups
       3.2.4 Cycloadditions
       3.2.5 [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements via Chiral Ammonium Ylides
       3.2.6 Stereoselective Photochemical Syntheses
       3.2.7 B-Lactam Syntheses
       3.2.8 a-Alkylation of Amines
   3.3 Other Reactions Taking POlace with the Transfer of Asymmetry
       3.3.1 Addition of XH-Compounds to C=C Double Bonds (X = O, S, Halogen)
       3.3.2 Stereoselective Epoxidation
       3.3.3 Carbene Addition to C=C Double Bond
       3.3.4 Addition of XH-Compounds to C=X Double Bonds (X = S, N, O)
       3.3.5 Equilibration and Stereoselective Protonation
       3.3.6 Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur Atoms as Asymmetric Centers
       3.3.7 Miscellaneous

4 Concluding Remarks

5 References